{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:09:49Z","timestamp":1790816989358,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E-26\/202.713\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/202.713\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Among the biomaterials based on calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite has been widely used due to its biocompatibility and osteoconduction. The substitution of the phosphate group by the carbonate group associated with the absence of heat treatment and low synthesis temperature leads to the formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). The association of CHA with other metals (strontium, zinc, magnesium, iron, and manganese) produces amorphous calcium phosphate-containing metals (ACPMetals), which can optimize their properties and mimic biological apatite. This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradation of ACPMetals in mice subcutaneous tissue. The materials were physicochemically characterized with Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Balb-C mice (n = 45) were randomly divided into three groups: carbonated hydroxyapatite, CHA (n = 15), ACPMetals (n = 15), and without implantation of material (SHAM, n = 15). The groups were subdivided into three experimental periods (1, 3, and 9 weeks). The samples were processed histologically for descriptive and semiquantitative evaluation of the biological effect of biomaterials according to ISO 10993-6:2016. The ACPMetals group was partially biodegradable; however, it presented a severe irritating reaction after 1 and 3 weeks and moderately irritating after nine weeks. Future studies with other concentrations and other metals should be carried out to mimic biological apatite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb11020045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T04:51:16Z","timestamp":1592887876000},"page":"45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Evaluation of the In Vivo Biocompatibility of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate-Containing Metals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Pio","family":"Moerbeck-Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Implantology Department, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Salvador, Bahia 40290-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8414-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suelen C.","family":"Sartoretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Surgery Department, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, Brazil"},{"name":"Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Igua\u00e7u, Nova Igua\u00e7u 26260-045, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9148-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo J.","family":"Uzeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Igua\u00e7u, Nova Igua\u00e7u 26260-045, Brazil"},{"name":"Oral Surgery Department and Clinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maur\u00edcio","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Implantology Department, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Salvador, Bahia 40290-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4074-4680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alena","family":"Medrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Pathology Department, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa\u00fade P\u00falbica, Salvador, Bahia 40290-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3665-6568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Diagnosis Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5759-7926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f4nica D.","family":"Calasans-Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Surgery Department and Clinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022872421333","article-title":"Biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics: Preparation, properties and applications","volume":"14","author":"LeGeros","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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