{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:33:55Z","timestamp":1791945235469,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through group (large) research program","award":["RGP 2\/70\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP 2\/70\/43"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSN) are porous inorganic materials that have been extensively used for drug delivery due to their special qualities, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. MSN is a promising drug delivery system to enhance the efficacy and safety of drug administration in nasal diseases like chronic rhinitis (CR). In this study, we used the sol-gel technique for MSN synthesis and incorporate fluticasone propionate (FP) for intranasal drug administration for the treatment of chronic rhinitis (CR). In order to confirm the particle size, shape, drug release, and compatibility, various instruments were used. MSN was effectively prepared with average sizes ranging between 400 \u00b1\u00a034\u00a0nm (mean \u00b1\u00a0SD) as measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while zeta potential verified in all cases their positive charged surface. To investigate MSN features, the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption\/desorption measurement were used. The loaded compound was submitted to in vitro dissolution tests, and a remarkable dissolution rate improvement was observed compared to the crystalline drug in both pH conditions (1.2 and 7.4 pH). By using an MTT assay cell viability was assessed. The expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 were also measured using mRNA extraction from rat blood. Other characterizations like acute toxicity and hemolytic activity were also performed to confirm loaded MSN safety. Loaded MSN was incorporated in nasal spray prepared by using innovator excipients including poloxamer. After this, its nasal spray\u2019s physical characteristics were also determined and compared with a commercial product (Ticovate).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13040229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T10:53:52Z","timestamp":1667904832000},"page":"229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Developing of SiO2 Nanoshells Loaded with Fluticasone Propionate for Potential Nasal Drug Delivery: Determination of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines through mRNA Expression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7786-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasir","family":"Mehmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad P.O. Box 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Shahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad P.O. Box 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9404-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Abdur","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Pharmacy Discipline, Faculty of Health, School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8368-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yahya","family":"Alhamhoom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5611-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsin","family":"Kazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v11i3-S.4846","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factor of Chronic Rhinosinusitis and the Impact on Quality of Life in Students of the Medical Faculty Christian University of Indonesia in 2018","volume":"11","author":"Poluan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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