{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T01:23:21Z","timestamp":1786325001570,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STRATEGMED3\/305813\/2\/NCBR\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STRATEGMED3\/305813\/2\/NCBR\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, tissue engineering, including 3D bioprinting of the pancreas, has acquired clinical significance and has become an outstanding potential method of customized treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to evaluate the function of 3D-bioprinted pancreatic petals with pancreatic islets in the murine model. A total of 60 NOD-SCID (Nonobese diabetic\/severe combined immunodeficiency) mice were used in the study and divided into three groups: control group; IsletTx (porcine islets transplanted under the renal capsule); and 3D bioprint (3D-bioprinted pancreatic petals with islets transplanted under the skin, on dorsal muscles). Glucose, C-peptide concentrations, and histological analyses were performed. In the obtained results, significantly lower mean fasting glucose levels (mg\/dL) were observed both in a 3D-bioprint group and in a group with islets transplanted under the renal capsule when compared with untreated animals. Differences were observed in all control points: 7th, 14th, and 28th days post-transplantation (129, 119, 118 vs. 140, 139, 140; p &lt; 0.001). Glucose levels were lower on the 14th and 28th days in a group with bioprinted petals compared to the group with islets transplanted under the renal capsule. Immunohistochemical staining indicated the presence of secreted insulin-living pancreatic islets and neovascularization within 3D-bioprinted pancreatic petals after transplantation. In conclusion, bioprinted bionic petals significantly lowered plasma glucose concentration in studied model species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14070371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T08:40:06Z","timestamp":1689324006000},"page":"371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Bioprinted 3D Bionic Scaffolds with Pancreatic Islets as a New Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes\u2014Analysis of the Results of Preclinical Studies on a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-586X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Klak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polbionica Sp. z o.o., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Wszo\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polbionica Sp. z o.o., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Polbionica Sp. z o.o., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kosowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Olkowska-Truchanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Rachalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Tymicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Bryniarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ko\u0142odziejska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Dobrza\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polbionica Sp. z o.o., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Ujazdowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Wejman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pathomorphological Diagnostics Sp. z o.o., 01-496 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabela","family":"Uhrynowska-Tyszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Kami\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-019-1166-x","article-title":"Bioprinting an Artificial Pancreas for Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. 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