{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:54:37Z","timestamp":1790056477790,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explores the potential utilization of walstromite (BaCa2Si3O9) as a foundational material for creating new bioceramics in the form of scaffolds through 3D printing technology. To achieve this objective, this study investigates the chemical\u2013mineralogical, morphological, and structural characteristics, as well as the biological properties, of walstromite-based bioceramics. The precursor mixture for walstromite synthesis is prepared through the sol\u2013gel method, utilizing pure reagents. The resulting dried gelatinous precipitate is analyzed through complex thermal analysis, leading to the determination of the optimal calcination temperature. Subsequently, the calcined powder is characterized via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, indicating the presence of calcium and barium silicates, as well as monocalcium silicate. This powder is then employed in additive 3D printing, resulting in ceramic scaffolds. The specific ceramic properties of the scaffold, such as apparent density, absorption, open porosity, and compressive strength, are assessed and fall within practical use limits. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of walstromite as a single phase in the ceramic scaffold. In vitro studies involving immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 and 14 days, as well as contact with osteoblast-like cells, reveal the scaffold\u2019s ability to form a phosphate layer on its surface and its biocompatibility. This study concludes that the walstromite-based ceramic scaffold exhibits promising characteristics for potential applications in bone regeneration and tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15010019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T05:21:38Z","timestamp":1704691298000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["New 3D Printed Scaffolds Based on Walstromite Synthesized by Sol\u2013Gel Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7898-8774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015etefania","family":"Chiriac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, INCDMNR-IMNR, 077145 Pantelimon, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana-Cristina","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Deparment of Life and Environmental Physics, National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering-Horia Hulubei, 077125 Magurele, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihnea-Mih\u0103i\u021b\u0103","family":"Pele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina-Daniela","family":"Ghi\u0163ulic\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5567-1934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Cucuruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruxandra-Elena","family":"Geanaliu-Nicolae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0685-3947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela-Cristina","family":"Stancu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgeta","family":"Voicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0329-5102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucian-Toma","family":"Ciocan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics Technology and Dental Materials, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8111","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB02628C","article-title":"Porous Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering: A Review","volume":"10","author":"Maksoud","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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