{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T15:17:41Z","timestamp":1784647061203,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]],"date-time":"2024-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project","award":["PNURSP2024R115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2024R115"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["PNURSP2024R115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2024R115"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dentine adhesives have demonstrated great success with permanent teeth. Though the results in primary teeth are not well documented, some studies have demonstrated lower values of bond strength in primary teeth than those found in permanent teeth. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the effect of grape seed extract (6.5%) (Herbal Bio Solutions, Delhi, India), glutaraldehyde (5%) (Loba Chemie PVT. LTD., Mumbai), hesperidin (0.5%) (Herbal Bio Solutions, Delhi, India), and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (tooth mousse) (GC Corporation, Alsip, IL, USA) on the shear bond strength of dentine of primary teeth and to evaluate the resin tags at the resin tooth interface. Seventy-five caries-free human primary molars were collected, and their occlusal surfaces were ground flat. Dentin surfaces were etched using phosphoric acid. Then teeth were randomly assigned in sequential order to five groups according to the dentinal treatment method: Group I (Control group) (no treatment), Group II (5% glutaraldehyde), Group III (6.5% grape seed extract), Group IV (0.5% hesperidin), and Group V (CPP-ACP). Ten teeth from each group were assigned for Shear Bond Strength and five for SEM analysis. ANOVA and a post hoc least significant difference test (p &lt; 0.05) were used for statistical analysis of the collected data. The grape seed extract group showed significantly increased shear bond strength than the control group (p &lt; 0.05), and the mean length of resin tags in different dentine bio modifiers groups was also statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). The use of dentin bio modifiers such as 5% glutaraldehyde, 6.5% grape seed extract, 0.5% hesperidin, and CPP-ACP in the bonding process for primary teeth did not improve the dentinal bond strength.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15020041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T04:47:45Z","timestamp":1707713265000},"page":"41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of the Dentinal Shear Bond Strength and Resin Interface in Primary Molars after Pre-Treatment with Various Dentin Bio-Modifiers: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Saima","family":"Sultan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad 244001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad 244001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. R.","family":"Chaitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad 244001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Manuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad 244001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinha Ashish","family":"Amit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad 244001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4478-4874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mamata Iranna","family":"Hebbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alhanoof","family":"Aldegheishem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0151-122X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selma A.","family":"Saadaldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prosthodontics Division, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3592-4177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elzahraa","family":"Eldwakhly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2011.01294.x","article-title":"Current aspects on bonding effectiveness and stability in adhesive dentistry","volume":"56","author":"Cardoso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust. Dent. 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