{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T19:33:26Z","timestamp":1784921606391,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zanjan University of Medical Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulpotomies and pulpectomies are the most common clinical approach for dental caries in the primary dentition. Reinforced zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) is an ideal material for filling in the pulp chamber after pulp therapies. The aim of this study was to assess the addition of Cloisite 5A nanoclay material to ZOE and evaluate its antibacterial properties. In this case\u2013control study, the nanoclay nanoparticles were dissolved using a solvent (Eugenol) in different concentrations and their antibacterial properties were assessed using the agar diffusion test and biofilm analysis of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in in vitro conditions using the AATCC 100 standards. The diameter of the inhibition zone was measured and assessed statistically using the SPSS software (Version 28, IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) with a significance level of 0.05. The antibacterial properties of the ZOE with nanoclay particles were significantly greater in comparison to the plain ZOE against E. faecalis, S. mutans, and E. coli. The inhibition zone against E. coli under the effect of the ZOE and nanoclay particles combined was significantly higher than that against E. faecalis and S. mutans. The current study showed that the addition of Cloisite 5A nanoclay particles can improve the antibacterial properties of ZOE significantly at certain concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15070198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T08:24:59Z","timestamp":1721636699000},"page":"198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Antibacterial Properties of a Reinforced Zinc Oxide Eugenol Combined with Cloisite 5A Nanoclay: An In-Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Bahareh","family":"Nazemisalman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaghayegh","family":"Niaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Urmia 5719175546, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6709-1814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shayan","family":"Darvish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayda","family":"Notash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Tabriz 5178654714, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0369-2981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ramazani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0017-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ionut","family":"Luchian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03320828","article-title":"Rationale for restoration of carious primary teeth: A review","volume":"13","author":"Finucane","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Paediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2004.07.009","article-title":"Success rate of root canal treatment in primary molars","volume":"33","author":"Moskovitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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