{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T22:52:25Z","timestamp":1776293545632,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Lodz","award":["503\/1-138-01\/503-51-001-19-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/1-138-01\/503-51-001-19-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Metallic biomaterials are prevalent in medical applications. In the treatment of mandibular fractures, the use of metallic biomaterials makes it possible to recover the ability to bite and partially recover speech through preventing ankylosis of the temporomandibular joints, the formation of pseudoarthritic joints, and the consolidation of reduced bones. This article presents the concept of a triaxial plate for osteosynthesis of basal fractures of the mandibular condyle, which are very common fractures in humans. Approximately half of patients with such fractures have wide (squat) condylar processes, which allows for the use of as many as three straight plates. However, installing three plates is quite troublesome, and the use of a single and transversely reinforced plate would facilitate treatment. This study proposes a plate with three reinforcements running along three divergent axes. The plate is fixed to the bone fragments with 11 screws. This concept for the treatment of basal fractures allows patients to quickly recover their primary system functions due to rigid fixation through the use of short (4 mm) screws, as there is no trauma to the medial pterygoid muscle and the mandible canal contents and no intermaxillary immobilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb16050186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T06:31:29Z","timestamp":1747636289000},"page":"186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Three-Axis Plate for Open Rigid Internal Fixation of Base Fracture of Mandibular Condyle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9200-2828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Kozakiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 \u017beromskiego Str., 90-549 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Eine neue Methode der Fixierung der Fragmente bei complicierten Fracturen","volume":"15","author":"Hansmann","year":"1886","journal-title":"Verh. 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