{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T18:17:28Z","timestamp":1771006648342,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ion-releasing restorative biomaterials have gained increasing attention in minimally invasive dentistry due to their potential to combine mechanical reliability with therapeutic functionality. Cention\u00ae N is an alkasite-based restorative material designed to release fluoride, calcium, and hydroxyl ions while exhibiting mechanical properties comparable to resin-based composites. The present study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical performance of this ion-releasing restorative material in comparison with conventional resin composites and glass ionomer cements. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and SciELO databases up to 31 October 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines. Clinical studies assessing restorative performance outcomes were included. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager software (version 5.1). Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, of which ten were eligible for quantitative analysis. The pooled results demonstrated comparable clinical performance between alkasite restoratives and resin-based composites regarding retention and secondary caries incidence, while superior outcomes were observed when compared with glass ionomer cements. Within the limitations of the available evidence, ion-releasing alkasite restorative materials represent a clinically acceptable alternative to conventional restorative options, combining functional biomaterial properties with reliable clinical performance. The conclusions should be interpreted within the context of the included studies, which exhibited clinical heterogeneity and, in several cases, a moderate risk of bias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb17020093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:51:32Z","timestamp":1771005092000},"page":"93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Clinical Performance of Alkasite Restorative Materials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8757-1317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Laporte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"P\u00f4le de M\u00e9decine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, H\u00f4pital Civil, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8003-2664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rim","family":"Bourgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Department of Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2759-8984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Enrique","family":"Cuevas-Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agust\u00edn Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico"},{"name":"Dental Materials and Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6768-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naji","family":"Kharouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8577-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis","family":"Hardan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agust\u00edn Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9191-5770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anh Tuan","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong 180000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Odonto-Stomatology, Haiphong Medical University Hospital, Haiphong 180000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4469-0360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssef","family":"Haikel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"P\u00f4le de M\u00e9decine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, H\u00f4pital Civil, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8136-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigailt","family":"Flores-Ledesma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Materials and Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valdivia, A.D.C.M., S\u00e1nchez, M.d.l.A.V., Cort\u00e9s, D.E.A., and Cort\u00e9s, E.G. (2023). Oral Health: Fundamentals, Importance, and Perspectives. Human Teeth-From Function to Esthetics, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.111610"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104335","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Edentulism and Dental Caries in Middle-Aged and Elderly Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"127","author":"Roccuzzo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Dental Caries in the Older People, 1991 to 2024: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Almasvandi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banihashem Rad, S.A., Esteves-Oliveira, M., Maklennan, A., Douglas, G.V., Castiglia, P., and Campus, G. (2024). Oral Health Inequalities in Immigrant Populations Worldwide: A Scoping Review of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease Prevalence. BMC Public Health, 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19354-4"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"11","article-title":"The Evolving Landscape of Dental Restorative Material: A Mini Review","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Med. Dent. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6688410","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/6688410","article-title":"Dental Amalgam Phase-Down\u2014Status, Alternatives, Strategies and Preparedness for Implementation: A Review","volume":"2025","author":"Kisumbi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Will the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Follow the EU\u2019s Mercury Dental Amalgam Ban? A Mini-Review","volume":"9","author":"Tibau","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oral Health Dent. Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singer, L., Fouda, A., and Bourauel, C. (2023). Biomimetic Approaches and Materials in Restorative and Regenerative Dentistry. BMC Oral Health, 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-02808-3"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109495","article-title":"Dental Resin Composites: A Review on Materials to Product Realizations","volume":"230","author":"Cho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-4240-8","article-title":"Developments in Resin-Based Composites","volume":"232","author":"German","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spagnuolo, G. (2022). Bioactive Dental Materials: The Current Status. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15062016"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"517","article-title":"Resin-Based Composites for Direct and Indirect Restorations: Clinical Applications, Recent Advances, and Future Trends","volume":"66","author":"Bompolaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent. Clin."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70010","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.70010","article-title":"Ranking Analysis of Tribological, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Nano Hydroxyapatite Filled Dental Restorative Composite Materials Using the R-Method","volume":"35","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polym. Adv. Technol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2024.07.021","article-title":"Updates on the Clinical Application of Glass Ionomer Cement in Restorative and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"19","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dent. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panetta, A., Lopes, P., Novaes, T.F., Rio, R., Fernandes, G.V.O., and Mello-Moura, A.C.V. (2024). Evaluating Glass Ionomer Cement Longevity in the Primary and Permanent Teeth\u2014An Umbrella Review. J. Funct. Biomater., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15020048"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2021.09.023","article-title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Minimally Invasive Dentistry: A Review of the Literature from 1994 to 2021","volume":"130","author":"Alam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2023.11.005","article-title":"A Narrative Review of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Restorative Dentistry","volume":"36","author":"Alyahya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"e30789","article-title":"Smart Materials Leading to Restorative Dentistry: An Overview","volume":"14","author":"Maloo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abozaid, D., Azab, A., Bahnsawy, M.A., Eldebawy, M., Ayad, A., Soomro, R., Elwakeel, E., and Mohamed, M.A. (2025). Bioactive Restorative Materials in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions. Odontology, 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-025-01162-w"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marovic, D., Par, M., Posavec, K., Mari\u0107, I., \u0160tajdohar, D., Muradbegovi\u0107, A., Taub\u00f6ck, T.T., Attin, T., and Tarle, Z. (2022). Long-Term Assessment of Contemporary Ion-Releasing Restorative Dental Materials. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15124042"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2024.06.014","article-title":"Is Cention-N Comparable to Other Direct Dental Restorative Materials? A Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies","volume":"40","author":"Justen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dent. Mater."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"5528","article-title":"Cention-N: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"12","author":"Hotchandani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Chem. Bull."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"17","article-title":"An Update on Cention N: An Aesthetic Direct Bulk-Fill Restorative Material","volume":"5","author":"Alla","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Dent. Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s44445-025-00049-4","article-title":"The impact of CENTION-N compared to glass-ionomer cement on shear bond strength and micro-leakage of primary teeth restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Amrollahi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9420336","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9420336","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of mechanical properties of Cention N and its comparison with resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) restorative material as used in primary teeth","volume":"2024","author":"Pai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.363534","article-title":"Comparison of Antibacterial Activity and Fluoride Release in Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials: Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer, Zirconomer, Giomer, and Cention N","volume":"19","author":"Feiz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.13005\/bpj\/2406","article-title":"Cention N Compared to Other Contemporary Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials in Terms of Fluoride Ion Releasing Efficacy: Validation of a Novel Caries-Prevention-Initiative by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia","volume":"15","author":"Singbal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacol. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04407-y","article-title":"An Alkasite Restorative Material Effectively Remineralized Artificial Interproximal Enamel Caries In Vitro","volume":"26","author":"Theerarath","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_108_21","article-title":"In Vivo Evaluation of Clinical Performance of Cention N and Glass Ionomer Cement in Proximal Restorations of Primary Molars","volume":"40","author":"Arora","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Indian Soc. Pedod. Prev. Dent."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_218_18","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Postoperative Sensitivity in Bulk Fill Restoratives: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"8","author":"Hirani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2024.49.e24","article-title":"Alkasite Restorative Material for Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study","volume":"49","author":"Bepu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Restor. Dent. Endod."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20230025","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2023-0025","article-title":"Clinical Performance of an Alkasite-Based Bioactive Restorative in Class II Cavities: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"31","author":"Oz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"829","article-title":"Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Different Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials in Primary Molars: A Comparative Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"16","author":"Kataria","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan\u2014A Web and Mobile App for Systematic Reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: A Revised Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"72","article-title":"Evaluation of New Alkasite Based Restorative Material for Restoring Non-Carious Cervical Lesions-Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"31","author":"Ballal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prosthodont. Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13193","article-title":"Clinical Performance of Two Ion-releasing Bulk-fill Composites in Class I and Class II Restorations: A Two-year Evaluation","volume":"36","author":"Albelasy","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Esthet. Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70025","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70025","article-title":"Periodontal Evaluation for a New Alkasite Restorative Material in Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A Randomized-controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"10","author":"Mustafa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-023-00788-0","article-title":"Clinical Effectiveness of Alkasite versus Nanofilled Resin Composite in the Restoration of Occlusal Carious Lesions in Permanent Molar Teeth of Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"24","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Paediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaur, K., Suneja, B., Jodhka, S., Saini, R.S., Chaturvedi, S., Bavabeedu, S.S., Alhamoudi, F.H., Cicci\u00f9, M., and Minervini, G. (2023). Comparison between Restorative Materials for Pulpotomised Deciduous Molars: A Randomized Clinical Study. Children, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/children10020284"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2022.10354","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Clinical Performance of Three Different Glass Hybrid Restorations in High Caries Risk Patients: A Randomized Control Trial","volume":"10","author":"Fattah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2173","article-title":"New Dual-Cure Resin-Based Material in Occlusal and Occluso-Proximal Restorations of Primary Teeth: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"15","author":"Wambier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Derchi, G., Marchio, V., Giuca, M.R., and Lardani, L. (2022). Clinical Performance of CentionTM Alkasite Restorative Material vs. Glass Ionomer Cement Used in Deciduous Teeth: One-Year Evaluation. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app122110845"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"529","article-title":"An In Vivo Evaluation of Retention and Antibacterial Efficacy of Posterior High Strength Glass Ionomer Cement and Glass Hybrid Bulk-Fill Alkasite Restorative Material as Conservative Adhesive Restoration in Children with Mixed Dentition: A Comparative Study","volume":"15","author":"Soneta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-3085","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Postoperative Sensitivity Following Restoration of Class I Lesions with Different Restorative Materials: An In Vivo Study","volume":"22","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Contemp. Dent. Pract."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"171","article-title":"Wear of an Ion-Releasing Powder\/Liquid Polymer Resin in Relation to That of Glass-Ionomer and Conventional Resin Composites","volume":"33","author":"Heintze","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2837","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical and Microleakage Properties of Cention-N, Composite, and Glass Ionomer Cement Restorative Materials","volume":"21","author":"Sujith","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Contemp. Dent. Pract."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.2341\/10-221-L","article-title":"Biodegradation and Abrasive Wear of Nano Restorative Materials","volume":"36","author":"Fucio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oper. Dent."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E173","DOI":"10.2341\/17-208-T","article-title":"Nanofilled Resin Composite Properties and Clinical Performance: A Review","volume":"43","author":"Alzraikat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oper. Dent."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2383","article-title":"Evaluation and Comparison of Physical Properties of Cention n with Other Restorative Materials in Artificial Saliva: An In Vitro Study","volume":"15","author":"Adsul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13036","article-title":"Resin Composite Cements: Current Status and a Novel Classification Proposal","volume":"35","author":"Mazzitelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Esthet. Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1002\/mawe.202100326","article-title":"Dental Composite Resin: A Review of Major Mechanical Properties, Measurements and Its Influencing Factors","volume":"53","author":"Suryawanshi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Werkst."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_481_17","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Three Different Direct Restorative Materials (Silver Amalgam, Glass Ionomer Cement, Cention N), in Class II Restorations Using Stereomicroscope: An In Vitro Study","volume":"30","author":"Mazumdar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_767_17","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage around Class V Cavities Restored with Alkasite Restorative Material with and without Bonding Agent and Flowable Composite Resin: An In Vitro Study","volume":"30","author":"Meshram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.4103\/JCD.JCD_74_19","article-title":"Comparison of Fluoride Ion Release and Alkalizing Potential of a New Bulk-Fill Alkasite","volume":"22","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Conserv. Dent."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiriyasatiankun, P., Sakoolnamarka, R., and Thanyasrisung, P. (2022). The Impact of an Alkasite Restorative Material on the pH of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm and Dentin Remineralization: An in Vitro Study. BMC Oral Health, 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02354-4"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"2244982","article-title":"Fluoride Exchange by Glass-Ionomer Dental Cements and Its Clinical Effects: A Review","volume":"10","author":"Nicholson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Investig. Dent."}],"container-title":["Journal of Functional Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4983\/17\/2\/93\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:57:46Z","timestamp":1771005466000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4983\/17\/2\/93"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["jfb17020093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfb17020093","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-4983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-4983","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]}}}