{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:58:22Z","timestamp":1785412702156,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations, Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-34\/2026-03\/200129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-34\/2026-03\/200129"]}]},{"award":["451-03-34\/2026-03\/200129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-34\/2026-03\/200129"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01znas443","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Funct. Biomater.","JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The effect of incorporating various concentrations of 210 nm ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) into resin-based composites (RBCs) and glass-ionomer cement (GIC) on their color and surface roughness after immersion in red wine is evaluated. Materials and Methods: 12 experimental groups (n = 12) were tested, including three commercial restorative materials: a microhybrid RBC (Gradia Direct\u00ae), a nanohybrid RBC (Evetric\u00ae) and a GIC (Fuji IX\u00ae). These were modified with ZnO-NPs at weight concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%. Color coordinates (L*,a*,b*) were measured using a spectrophotometer (CIEDE2000 formula) before and after 24 h immersion in red wine (37 \u00b0C). Surface roughness (Ra) was analyzed using contact profilometry. Results: The addition of ZnO-NPs increased the lightness (L*) and decreased the a* values in all materials. In resin-based composites, even a 1% concentration of ZnO-NPs caused a color change above the clinical acceptability threshold (\u0394E00 &gt; 1.8; observed values ranged from 3.2 to 8.0). After immersion in wine, all materials exhibited further discoloration (\u0394E00 up to 12.5 for composites). Surface roughness values increased from 0.42 \u03bcm (control composite) to 1.95 \u03bcm (3% ZnO-NP-modified GIC). Conclusions: Addition of ZnO-NPs influences the aesthetics and topography of restorative materials. Their concentration must be balanced to maintain visual and surface integrity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb17070343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:29:39Z","timestamp":1784100579000},"page":"343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of ZnO Nanoparticles on the Color and Surface Roughness of Composite and Glass-Ionomer Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1609-2794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja","family":"Ili\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovi\u0107a 1a, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Ninkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0618-8596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Branislav","family":"Sredanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Production and Computer Aided Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Stepe Stepanovi\u0107a 71, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5582-8556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goran","family":"Vu\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Technology, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Stepe Stepanovi\u0107a 73, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1564-2391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ljiljana","family":"Bo\u017ei\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2307-8713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ljubica","family":"\u0160krbi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovi\u0107a 1a, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5397-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovana","family":"Kuzmanovic Pficer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Medical Statistics and Informatics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9653-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragica","family":"Manojlovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferracane, J.L. 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