{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:27:13Z","timestamp":1785850033555,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Fractures of the distal radius are common, particularly among young men and elderly women, often leading to painful wrist arthritis, especially if the joint surface has been affected. Traditional treatments of the wrist, such as full or partial wrist fusion, limit movement, and common wrist prostheses have high complication rates. Regenerative medicine and 3D bioprinting offer the potential for personalized joint replacements. Methods: This study evaluates using the contralateral radius as a template for creating customized distal radius prostheses. Bilateral CT scans of healthy wrists were analyzed to assess the shape and symmetry of the distal radius using a landmark-free morphometric method. Instead of comparing defined landmarks, the entire surface of the radius is analyzed employing dense point- and deformation-based morphometry to detect subtle morphological differences, providing an unbiased and more accurate comparison of the overall deformations in the distal radii. Results: results show strong intraindividual symmetry in joint surfaces. Interindividual comparisons revealed significant morphological variations, particularly gender-specific differences. Conclusions: These findings support the use of the contralateral radius as a template for the replaced side. At the same time, the interindividual results endorse the approach of pursuing personalized prostheses as the optimal replacement for distal joint surfaces. The increasing improvement of 3D-printed prostheses promises new methods for better outcomes in distal radius arthrosis after intraarticular fractures. Further research into clinical applications and biocompatible 3D printing materials is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk10010071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:53:06Z","timestamp":1740124386000},"page":"71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Personalized Joint Replacement: Landmark-Free Morphometric Analysis of Distal Radii"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Remus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Brugetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Ziemssenstra\u00dfe 5, 80336 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika A.","family":"Zimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3040-3110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Reidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Giunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Ziemssenstra\u00dfe 5, 80336 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6107-3009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia A.","family":"Schnabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Machine Learning in Biomedical Imaging, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Demmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Ziemssenstra\u00dfe 5, 80336 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult fractures: A review","volume":"37","author":"Caesar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668050-00003","article-title":"Intra-Articular fractures of the distal end of the radius in young adults","volume":"68","author":"Knirk","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000438463.90968.d6","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of the wrist","volume":"133","author":"Cayci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2005.08.014","article-title":"Total wrist arthroplasty","volume":"21","author":"Anderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hand Clin."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2011.588858","article-title":"Results of 189 wrist replacements. A report from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register","volume":"82","author":"Krukhaug","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Orthop."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01614","article-title":"Five to ten-year outcomes of the Universal total wrist arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"93","author":"Ward","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646956","article-title":"Systematic Review of Total Wrist Arthroplasty and Arthrodesis in Wrist Arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Berber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Wrist Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.05.016","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of total wrist arthroplasty","volume":"37","author":"Nydick","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934231203297","article-title":"Complications after total wrist arthroplasty","volume":"49","author":"Boeckstyns","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reiser, D., Fischer, P., Pettersson, K., Wretenberg, P., and Sagerfors, M. (2023). Total Wrist Arthroplasty With a New Design, 20 Cases With 8-Year Follow-Up. J. Hand Surg. Am.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2023.08.004"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.12.035","article-title":"Three-Dimensional assessment of bilateral symmetry of the radius and ulna for planning corrective surgeries","volume":"37","author":"Vroemen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-013-1049-2","article-title":"Corrective distal radius osteotomy: Including bilateral differences in 3-D planning","volume":"51","author":"Dobbe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.32694","article-title":"A review of polyvinyl alcohol and its uses in cartilage and orthopedic applications","volume":"100","author":"Baker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s11751-014-0203-1","article-title":"Patient-specific distal radius locking plate for fixation and accurate 3D positioning in corrective osteotomy","volume":"9","author":"Dobbe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Strat. Trauma Limb Reconstr."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(94)90028-0","article-title":"Factors affecting functional outcome of displaced intra-articular distal radius fractures","volume":"19","author":"Trumble","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971060-00007","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced, comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius","volume":"71","author":"Bradway","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(91)90001-R","article-title":"Treatment of displaced articular fractures of the radius","volume":"16","author":"Fernandez","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong, E., Kwak, D.S., and Kim, I.B. (2021). Morphological symmetry of the radius and ulna-Can contralateral forearm bones utilize as a reliable template for the opposite side?. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258232"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.05.021","article-title":"Image-Based Comparison Between the Bilateral Symmetry of the Distal Radii Through Established Measures","volume":"44","author":"Gray","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dev188631","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.188631","article-title":"A landmark-free morphometrics pipeline for high-resolution phenotyping: Application to a mouse model of Down syndrome","volume":"148","author":"Toussaint","year":"2021","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1163\/14219980-bja10014","article-title":"Revisiting mandibular symphyseal shape in juvenile early hominins and modern humans using a deformation-based approach","volume":"94","author":"Zimmer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2006.01.006","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"58","author":"Buckwalter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsp.2012.04.002","article-title":"Variability of manual lumbar spine segmentation","volume":"6","author":"Cook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Spine Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Schneider, P., and Eberly, D.H. (2002). Geometric Tools for Computer Graphics, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2022.105184","article-title":"The dual Euler-Rodrigues formula in various mathematical forms and their intrinsic relations","volume":"181","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mech. Mach. Theory"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Helbert, J., D\u2019Amore, M., Aye, M., and Kerner, H. (2022). Machine Learning for Planetary Science, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.06.043","article-title":"Morphometry of anatomical shape complexes with dense deformations and sparse parameters","volume":"101","author":"Durrleman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f4ne, A., Louis, M., Martin, B., and Durrleman, S. (2018). Deformetrica 4: An Open-Source Software for Statistical Shape Analysis, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04747-4_1"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"583","article-title":"Kernel principal component analysis","volume":"Volume 1997","author":"Smola","year":"1997","journal-title":"Artificial Neural Networks \u2014ICANN\u201997, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference, Lausanne, Switzerland, 8\u201310 October 1997"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16072","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.72","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"2","author":"Barr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0349-0","article-title":"Sex-Differences in Skeletal Growth and Aging","volume":"15","author":"Nieves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-020-01060-x","article-title":"Deep learning in medical image registration: A survey","volume":"31","author":"Haskins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mach. Vision. Appl."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2017.07.005","article-title":"A survey on deep learning in medical image analysis","volume":"42","author":"Litjens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."}],"container-title":["Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2411-5142\/10\/1\/71\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:39:16Z","timestamp":1760027956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2411-5142\/10\/1\/71"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jfmk10010071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfmk10010071","relation":{},"ISSN":["2411-5142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2411-5142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]}}}