{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:26:34Z","timestamp":1791419194875,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Science Fund at the Medical University of Varna","award":["23001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23001"]}]},{"name":"the Science Fund at the Medical University of Varna","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"]}]},{"name":"the European Union\u2013Next Generation EU through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria","award":["23001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23001"]}]},{"name":"the European Union\u2013Next Generation EU through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a significant public health concern, particularly in professions requiring prolonged static postures. Objectives: This study examined the influence of demographic and occupational factors on the WMSD prevalence and provides evidence-based recommendations for workplace health improvements. Methods: A cross-sectional study (July\u2013September 2024) surveyed 80 office employees in Varna, Bulgaria, using the Prevent 4 Work (P4Wq) questionnaire. ANOVA and t-tests assessed the WMSD prevalence across demographics, while Pearson\u2019s correlations examined associations with age, BMI, and work experience. Data were analyzed in Jamovi v.2.6 (p &lt; 0.05). Results: The sample (92.5% women, mean age 47.2 years) reported a high WMSD prevalence, with cervical pain (88.8%), lower back pain (83.8%), and shoulder pain (75.0%) being the most common. Work experience, age, and BMI were significantly correlated with WMSD severity, while gender showed no significant associations. Conclusions: WMSDs are highly prevalent among office employees, with lower back, neck, and shoulder pain being the most common complaints. Factors such as higher BMI, longer work experience, and increased workload are associated with greater symptom severity. These results emphasize the urgent need for targeted workplace interventions aimed at reducing ergonomic risks, improving posture, and enhancing employee well-being, ultimately fostering a healthier and more productive work environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk10020137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T20:15:06Z","timestamp":1745180106000},"page":"137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Demographic and Occupational Determinants of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7403-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika S.","family":"Popova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Education Sector \u201cRehabilitator\u201d, Medical College, Medical University\u2013Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7325-0110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silviya P.","family":"Nikolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Medical University\u2013Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0846-055X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silviya I.","family":"Filkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Education Sector \u201cRehabilitator\u201d, Medical College, Medical University\u2013Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a4045","article-title":"Health 2020\u2014Achieving Health and Development in Today\u2019s Europe","volume":"22","author":"Jakab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cent. 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