{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T02:17:45Z","timestamp":1780107465914,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health [Ricercacorrente]"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Short sessions of isometric exercise have been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP) in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. However, there are few data in hypertensive patients with underlying ischemic heart disease (IHD). In the present study, we compared post-exercise hypotension (PEH) induced by isometric versus combined, aerobic plus dynamic resistance exercise in IHD patients. Methods: Twenty-five stable patients with established IHD and with treated hypertension were enrolled. The study had a cross-over design. All patients performed in a random order and on different days: (1) isometric exercise session (IES) consisting of bilateral knee extension, performed at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction and lasting 20 min; (2) combined exercise session (CES) including moderate-intensity continuous exercise at and dynamic resistance exercise performed at 60% of one repetition maximum, and lasting 60 min and (3) control session (no exercise). BP was measured at rest, immediately after the training and then every 15 min up to 90 min. Results: The repeated measures ANOVA analysis showed that systolic BP significantly decreased after the CES session compared to the control (F = 6.2; p 0.001) and IES (F = 4.4; p 0.004). Systolic BP significantly decreased after IES compared to the control (F = 3.6; p 0.036). Diastolic BP did not show significant changes after CES and IES compared to the control (CES vs. control: F = 2.2; p 0.142; IES vs. control (F = 2.5; p 0.062). There were no significant differences in diastolic BP changes between CES and IES (CES vs. IES: F = 1.8; p 0.156). Conclusions: We observed that CES was more effective than IES in reducing systolic BP; IES was as effective as CES in inducing diastolic PEH in hypertensive patients with underlying IHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk10020189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T20:16:22Z","timestamp":1748204182000},"page":"189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Post-Exercise Hypotension Induced by a Short Isometric Exercise Session Versus Combined Exercise in Hypertensive Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Vitarelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4038-273X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Laterza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Open University, 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5820-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sa\u00fal","family":"Pe\u00f1\u00edn-Grandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Padre Jiulio Chevalier Street, 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0511-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Alfonso","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Santos-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Padre Jiulio Chevalier Street, 2, 47012 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2624-9213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Volterrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2852-5610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Marazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0331-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Manzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Open University, 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5227-2567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"Padua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Sposato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5734-2325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Morsella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8421-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Iellamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7820-567X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Caminiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004473","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.004473","article-title":"Exercise training for blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Cornelissen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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