{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:23:24Z","timestamp":1788456204882,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]],"date-time":"2025-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dog agility is a rapidly growing sport involving a partnership between a dog and the handler, running through an obstacle course. Despite its increasing popularity and physical benefits, research on handler injuries remains limited. This study aimed to assess injury epidemiology of athletes practicing dog agility. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a comprehensive online survey consisting of 124 items, available in both English and Italian. The questionnaire was divided into four sections: Introduction collected demographic data and medical history; Materials and Methods focused on agility-related activities; Results explored injuries sustained in the past 12 months; Discussion examined training habits unrelated to agility. Results: Among 389 participants, the most represented age group ranged between 30 and 40 years old. Overall, 7% reported upper limb injuries, while 27% experienced at least one lower limb injury. Additionally, 20% of participants used medication, and 25% reported at least one chronic illness. On average, handlers trained twice per week and competed in two events per month. Lower limb injuries were predominantly muscular (49%) or ligamentous (14%) and most commonly occurred on grass pitches (56%). These injuries were more common in participants with a higher BMI, those using dynamic handling styles, and those competing at higher levels. Conclusions: This cross-sectional study highlighted the importance of identifying risk factors associated with dog agility handlers. Lower limb injuries were the most common, often associated with increased physical demands and handling styles involving intensive running and correlated with reduced physical fitness. Athletic conditioning, including structured warm-up and cool-down practices, might help decline injury risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk10030263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T09:56:54Z","timestamp":1752487014000},"page":"263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Injury, Risk and Training Habits Among Dog Agility Handlers: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5419-4275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Demeco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Pinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5541-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"de Sire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5568-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonello","family":"Salerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1439-320X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Iona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Frizziero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-2288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalila","family":"Scaturro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Areas, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia Letizia","family":"Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Areas, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4063-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umile Giuseppe","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2828-2455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Ammendolia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0563-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Costantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.243.7.1019","article-title":"Survey-based analysis of risk factors for injury among dogs participating in agility training and competition events","volume":"243","author":"Cullen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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