{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:02:45Z","timestamp":1791820965981,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PRODEP UACH"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Physical exercise (PE) has emerged as a promising intervention for depressive disorder (DD), yet its efficacy and optimal implementation remain under investigation. Objective: To thoroughly assess the effectiveness of supervised PE as a conventional intervention for adults with DD. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed\/MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2010\u20132025 involving adults with DD without other comorbidities under supervised exercise interventions were selected. Methodological rigor was ensured through two independent reviewers and adherence to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The influence of moderating variables [total work performed (workload) and the instrument used to evaluate DD (instrument)] was analyzed using meta-regression. The pooled effect size was estimated using both frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Results: From 15,542 screened records, 20 RCTs were selected. Workload and instrument account for 60% and 15% of the variance in the effect size, respectively. Both frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses showed that supervised PE reduces depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.54\u20131.11; I2 = 76%, and 0.61; 95% CI: \u22120.06\u20130.95; I2 = 51, respectively). Conclusions: PE could be a valuable complementary intervention to reduce depressive symptoms in adults with depression. PROSPERO (CRD420251121919).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk11010009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T03:06:02Z","timestamp":1766718362000},"page":"9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Update on the Effect of Physical Exercise on Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4347-6725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnulfo","family":"Ramos-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez Autonomous University, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32315, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1772-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa P.","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Ciudad Ju\u00e1rez 32310, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3085-852X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier A.","family":"Ramos-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, University Campus, Monterrey 64460, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6790-8003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Trejo-Trejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Campus Mexicali, Mexicali 21100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9773-5043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac A.","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Campus Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, October 20). 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