{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:13:27Z","timestamp":1788347607067,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol.","JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Day-to-day movement behavior may influence short-term glycemic variability in adults with type 2 diabetes, but free-living evidence integrating accelerometry with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) remains limited. Objectives: This study examined whether daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and accelerometer-defined sedentary time were associated with 24-h within-day glycemic variability. Methods: In this longitudinal repeated-measures study, 140 adults with type 2 diabetes underwent 14 days of concurrent hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometry and FreeStyle Libre 2 CGM under free-living conditions in Lima, Peru. The primary outcome was a daily CGM-derived coefficient of variation (CV). Linear mixed-effects models separated within-person and between-person components, with Holm adjustment for the two primary within-person associations. Results: The fully adjusted primary analysis included 132 participants and 1728 participant-days. Higher within-person MVPA was associated with a lower daily CV (\u03b2 = \u22120.27 percentage points per 10 min\/day, 95% CI \u22120.45 to \u22120.09; Holm-adjusted p = 0.006), whereas greater accelerometer-defined sedentary time was associated with a higher CV (\u03b2 = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.09; Holm-adjusted p = 0.014). Secondary concurrent analyses showed favorable MVPA and opposite sedentary time associations for time in range, time above range, mean glucose, and glucose standard deviation (all false discovery rate q \u2264 0.018), with no statistically detectable association with time below range. Lagged associations were directionally consistent, but none remained statistically significant after multiplicity correction. Conclusions: Daily MVPA and accelerometer-defined sedentary times were associated with modest differences in within-day glycemic variability and concurrent CGM profiles. These observational findings do not establish causality or a specific exercise dose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk11030338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T04:24:03Z","timestamp":1788150243000},"page":"338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerometer-Derived Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Derived Glycemic Variability in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Repeated-Measures Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5036-6041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul C\u00e9sar","family":"Vel\u00e1squez Porras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad C\u00e9sar Vallejo, Lima 15314, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2817-5692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia Olinda","family":"Neyra Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad C\u00e9sar Vallejo, Lima 15314, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Dimna Zoila","family":"Alfaro Quezada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15067, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Digmer Pablo","family":"Riquez Livia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education and Physical Culture, Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n Enrique Guzm\u00e1n y Valle, Lima 15472, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5404-4047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henri Emmanuel","family":"Lopez Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Huancayo, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica del Per\u00fa, Huancayo 12002, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Roberto Carlos","family":"D\u00e1vila-Mor\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Lima 15401, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes 4 (2026). 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