{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:51:47Z","timestamp":1774421507565,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rebecca L Cooper Medical Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder for which there is no cure. Current treatments are suboptimal. Exercise is a core treatment for knee OA, with muscle strengthening exercise commonly recommended. Yoga is a mind-body exercise intervention that can improve flexibility, muscle strength, balance, and fitness and potentially reduce symptoms of OA. However, there is a scarcity of robust, high-quality conclusive evidence on the efficacy of yoga in knee OA. We are currently conducting the first randomised comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness trial of a yoga program compared with a strengthening exercise program in patients with symptomatic knee OA. This study protocol describes the design and conduct of this trial. The YOGA study is a phase III, single-centre, parallel, superiority, randomised, active-controlled trial which will be conducted in Hobart, Australia. One hundred and twenty-six participants (63 in each arm) aged over 40 years with symptomatic knee OA will be recruited from the community and randomly allocated to receive either a 24-week yoga program (3\u00d7\/week) or a strengthening exercise program (3\u00d7\/week). The primary outcome will be change in knee pain over 12 weeks, assessed using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes include change in knee pain, patient global assessment, physical function, quality of life, gait speed, biomarkers, and others over 12 and 24 weeks. We will also assess whether the presence of neuropathic pain moderates the effects of yoga compared to strengthening exercise. Additional data, such as cost and resource utilization, will be collected for the cost-effectiveness analysis. The primary analysis will be conducted using an intention-to-treat approach. Adverse events will be monitored throughout the study. Once completed, this trial will contribute to the knowledge of whether yoga can be used as a simple, effective, low-cost option for the management of knee OA, thus saving economic costs in the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk7040084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T20:53:29Z","timestamp":1665608009000},"page":"84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Randomised Controlled Trial of YOGa and Strengthening Exercise for Knee OsteoArthritis: Protocol for a Comparative Effectiveness Trial (YOGA Trial)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4618-7507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ambrish","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawn","family":"Aitken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3143-1631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steffany","family":"Moonaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, Southern California University of Health Sciences, Whittier, CA 90604, USA"},{"name":"Research Department, Maryland University of Integrative Health, Laurel, MD 20723, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Blizzard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changhai","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stan","family":"Drummen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graeme","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Bennell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8704-6084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benny","family":"Antony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Welfare AIoHa (2021, September 01). Osteoarthritis Canberra: AIHW, Available online: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/chronic-musculoskeletal-conditions\/osteoarthritis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antony, B., and Singh, A. (2021). Imaging and Biochemical Markers for Osteoarthritis. Diagnostics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11071205"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22171","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review","volume":"325","author":"Katz","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.04.006","article-title":"Efficacy and potential determinants of exercise therapy in knee and hip osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Goh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-9-201211060-00007","article-title":"Physical therapy interventions for knee pain secondary to osteoarthritis: A systematic review","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S245","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.06.68","article-title":"Non-operative treatment options for knee osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"DeRogatis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.09.016","article-title":"A pilot study of gentle yoga for sleep disturbance in women with osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Taibi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.07.037","article-title":"Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Yoga Use: Results of a U.S. Nationally Representative Survey","volume":"50","author":"Cramer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in the use of complementary health approaches among adults: United States, 2002\u20132012","volume":"79","author":"Clarke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl. Health Stat. Rep."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barnes, P.M., Bloom, B., and Nahin, R.L. (2008). Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Adults and Children: United States, 2007, CDC. National Health Statistics Reports.","DOI":"10.1037\/e623942009-001"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000408","article-title":"Effects of Yoga on Symptoms, Physical Function, and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adults with Osteoarthritis: A Focused Review","volume":"95","author":"Cheung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38290","article-title":"Impact of Exercise Type and Dose on Pain and Disability in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"66","author":"Juhl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2011.0473","article-title":"The Effects of Yoga on Physical Functioning and Health Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"18","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.01.003","article-title":"OARSI guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"22","author":"McAlindon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.12.013","article-title":"OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, Part II: OARSI evidence-based, expert consensus guidelines","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Bernstein, S. (2021, September 01). Yoga Benefits for Arthritis: Arthritis Foundation. Available online: https:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/health-wellness\/healthy-living\/physical-activity\/yoga\/yoga-benefits-for-arthritis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41142","article-title":"2019 American College of Rheumatology\/Arthritis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Osteoarthritis of the Hand, Hip, and Knee","volume":"72","author":"Kolasinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-019-0846-5","article-title":"Yoga for Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Lauche","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001130","article-title":"Network Meta-Analysis of Various Nonpharmacological Interventions on Pain Relief in Older Adults With Osteoarthritis","volume":"98","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (2021, September 01). Guideline for the Management of Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis: The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Ltd. Available online: https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/download\/Documents\/Guidelines\/Musculoskeletal\/guideline-for-the-management-of-knee-and-hip-oa-2nd-edition.pdf."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0b013e318232c5f9","article-title":"Managing osteoarthritis: Comparisons of chair yoga, Reiki, and education (pilot study)","volume":"25","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Holist Nurs. Pract."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.08.009","article-title":"Knee osteoarthritis phenotypes and their relevance for outcomes: A systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Deveza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22734","article-title":"Determination of Pain Phenotypes in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Latent Class Analysis Using Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative","volume":"68","author":"Kittelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Isola, A., and Steultjens, M. (2018). Classification of patients with knee osteoarthritis in clinical phenotypes: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191045"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.47","article-title":"Osteoarthritis pain: Nociceptive or neuropathic?","volume":"10","author":"Thakur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.06.012","article-title":"Relationships of fear, anxiety, and depression with physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"90","author":"Scopaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2008.05.009","article-title":"Pain Catastrophizing and Pain-Related Fear in Osteoarthritis Patients: Relationships to Pain and Disability","volume":"37","author":"Somers","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manag."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.035","article-title":"Pain-related fear and daily functioning in patients with osteoarthritis","volume":"110","author":"Heuts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.04.003","article-title":"Sensitization in patients with painful knee osteoarthritis","volume":"149","author":"Nie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"1406","article-title":"A mechanism-based pain sensitivity index to characterize knee osteoarthritis patients with different disease stages and pain levels","volume":"19","author":"Egsgaard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34646","article-title":"Discordance between pain and radiographic severity in knee osteoarthritis: Findings from quantitative sensory testing of central sensitization","volume":"65","author":"Finan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.11.023","article-title":"Persistent pain after joint replacement: Prevalence, sensory qualities, and postoperative determinants","volume":"152","author":"Wylde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.05.011","article-title":"Neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis: A review of pathophysiological mechanisms and implications for treatment","volume":"44","author":"Dimitroulas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2014.499.x","article-title":"Evidence for central sensitization in patients with osteoarthritis pain: A systematic literature review","volume":"18","author":"Lluch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials","volume":"152","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.141129","article-title":"Yoga in Sedentary Adults with Arthritis: Effects of a Randomized Controlled Pragmatic Trial","volume":"42","author":"Moonaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.05.002","article-title":"OARSI recommended performance-based tests to assess physical function in people diagnosed with hip or knee osteoarthritis","volume":"21","author":"Dobson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"OARSI (2022, January 04). Physical Performance Measures: Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Available online: https:\/\/oarsi.org\/research\/physical-performance-measures."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(03)00198-8","article-title":"Measuring depression outcome with a brief self-report instrument: Sensitivity to change of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)","volume":"81","author":"Kroenke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.02.001","article-title":"OMERACT-OARSI Initiative: Osteoarthritis Research Society International set of responder criteria for osteoarthritis clinical trials revisited","volume":"12","author":"Pham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132488","article-title":"Pain DETECT: A new screening questionnaire to identify neuropathic components in patients with back pain","volume":"22","author":"Freynhagen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200011)43:11<2543::AID-ANR23>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Sex and site differences in cartilage development: A possible explanation for variations in knee osteoarthritis in later life","volume":"43","author":"Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0716-0","article-title":"Accelerometer Data Collection and Processing Criteria to Assess Physical Activity and Other Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Practical Considerations","volume":"47","author":"Migueles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.944","article-title":"Estimating mean QALYs in trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis: The importance of controlling for baseline utility","volume":"14","author":"Manca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-1-54","article-title":"The Health Utilities Index (HUI): Concepts, measurement properties and applications","volume":"1","author":"Horsman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-016-1337-z","article-title":"Deriving population norms for the AQoL-6D and AQoL-8D multi-attribute utility instruments from web-based data","volume":"25","author":"Maxwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Centre for Health Economics (2021, September 01). AQoL-8D 2014. Available online: https:\/\/www.aqol.com.au\/index.php\/aqolinstruments?id=58."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"(2021, September 01). EuroQol Research Foundation EQ-5D-5L about 2022. Available online: https:\/\/euroqol.org\/eq-5d-instruments\/eq-5d-5l-about\/."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Online, M. (2021, September 01). Indexation of Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) Items from 1 July 2018: MBS, Available online: http:\/\/www.mbsonline.gov.au\/internet\/mbsonline\/publishing.nsf\/Content\/MBSIndexation-July2018."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2020.605","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"37","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"CD010842","article-title":"Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: A mixed methods review","volume":"4","author":"Hurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2013.11.012","article-title":"A systematic review of recommendations and guidelines for the management of osteoarthritis: The Chronic Osteoarthritis Management Initiative of the U.S. Bone and Joint Initiative","volume":"43","author":"Nelson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2017.1405261","article-title":"The effects of yoga on stress and psychological health among employees: An 8- and 16-week intervention study","volume":"31","author":"Maddux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Manincor, M., Bensoussan, A., Smith, C., Fahey, P., and Bourchier, S. (2015). Establishing key components of yoga interventions for reducing depression and anxiety, and improving well-being: A Delphi method study. BMC Complement Altern Med., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-015-0614-7"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00102","article-title":"Benefits of exercise intervention in reducing neuropathic pain","volume":"8","author":"Dobson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.5214\/ans.0972.7531.260208","article-title":"Yoga: Can it be integrated with treatment of neuropathic pain?","volume":"26","author":"Telles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1075.63127","article-title":"Perspectives on yoga inputs in the management of chronic pain","volume":"16","author":"Vallath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Palliat. Care"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6016532","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6016532","article-title":"The Effects of Yoga on Pain, Mobility, and Quality of Life in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review","volume":"2016","author":"Kan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Antony, B., and Singh, A. (2022, January 04). A Randomised Comparative Effectiveness Trial of YOGa and Strengthening Exercise for Knee Osteo Arthritis (YOGA Trial): ANZCTR. Available online: https:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?id=380369&isReview=true."}],"container-title":["Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2411-5142\/7\/4\/84\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:53:00Z","timestamp":1760143980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2411-5142\/7\/4\/84"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["jfmk7040084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfmk7040084","relation":{},"ISSN":["2411-5142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2411-5142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]}}}