{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:51:46Z","timestamp":1792180306163,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The contact point of the pelvis with the saddle of the bicycle could generate abnormal pressure, which could lead to injuries to the perineum in cyclists. The aim of this review was to summarize in a narrative way the current literature on the saddle pressures and to present the factors that influence saddle pressures in order to prevent injury risk in road and off-road cyclists of both genders. We searched the PubMed database to identify English-language sources, using the following terms: \u201csaddle pressures\u201d, \u201cpressure mapping\u201d, \u201csaddle design\u201d AND \u201ccycling\u201d. We also searched the bibliographies of the retrieved articles. Saddle pressures are influenced by factors such as sitting time on the bike, pedaling intensity, pedaling frequency, trunk and hand position, handlebars position, saddle design, saddle height, padded shorts, and gender. The jolts of the perineum on the saddle, especially on mountain bikes, generate intermittent pressures, which represent a risk factor for various pathologies of the urogenital system. This review highlights the importance of considering these factors that influence saddle pressures in order to prevent urogenital system injuries in cyclists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk8020071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T03:56:58Z","timestamp":1684987018000},"page":"71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Saddle Pressures Factors in Road and Off-Road Cyclists of Both Genders: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Domenico Savio Salvatore","family":"Vicari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3753-5191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4575-8021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Giustino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6676-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Figlioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Alamia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5387-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Regional Sports School of CONI Sicilia, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.5.6.795","article-title":"Walking, cycling, and obesity rates in Europe, North America, and Australia","volume":"5","author":"Bassett","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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