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This study evaluated the distribution of PCM acute\/subacute form (AF) cases and their correlation with geoclimatic factors in the Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state. The study included 81 patients diagnosed with the PCM\/AF at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul between January 1980 and February 2022. Geographic coordinates, health microregion of patient\u2019s residence, compensated average temperature, relative air humidity (RH), El Ni\u00f1o Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and average global temperature were analyzed. The highest incidence was observed in the Aquidauana (7\/100,000 inhabitants), while Campo Grande, the state\u2019s capital, had the highest number (n = 34; 42.4%) and density (4.4 cases\/km2) of cases. The number of cases increased during extended periods of the El Ni\u00f1o phenomenon. A positive correlation was found between higher RH and PCM\/AF cases. Most PCM\/AF cases were found in areas with loamy soils and RH ranging from 60.8 to 73.6%. In MS, the health microregions of PCM\/AF patients are characterized by deforestation for agricultural and pasture use, coupled with loamy soils and specific climatic phenomena leading to higher soil humidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10030165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T04:23:10Z","timestamp":1708489390000},"page":"165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Effect of Geoclimatic Factors on the Distribution of Paracoccidioidomycosis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Larissa Rodrigues","family":"Fabris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan Guilherme","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8739-4713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna Eduarda","family":"Bortolomai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lav\u00ednia C\u00e1ssia Ferreira","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Henrique","family":"Sobral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisson Andr\u00e9","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursulla Vilella","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9838-5337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Paranhos Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00eddia Raquel","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ida Maria Foschiani Dias","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0661-5917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rinaldo Poncio","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8925-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anamaria Mello Miranda","family":"Paniago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Uma mycose pseudococcidica localisada na bocca e observada no Brasil. 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