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Previous studies have demonstrated that many signal transduction pathways are crucial for the morphological development and virulence of C. neoformans. In this review, data from over 116 research articles have been compiled to show that many signaling pathways control various characteristics of C. neoformans, individually or in association with other pathways, and to establish strong links among them to better understand C. neoformans pathogenesis. Every characteristic of C. neoformans is closely linked to these signaling pathways, making this a rich area for further research. It is essential to thoroughly explore these pathways to address questions that remain and apply a molecular mechanistic approach to link them. Targeting these pathways is crucial for understanding the exact mechanism of infection pathogenesis and will facilitate the development of antifungal drugs as well as the diagnosis and prevention of cryptococcosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10110786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T06:23:16Z","timestamp":1731478996000},"page":"786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Roles of Different Signaling Pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans Virulence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fawad","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7342-4259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ammar Mutahar","family":"Al-Huthaifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Ali","family":"Al-Alawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9111-8826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong-Bao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(98)01208-6","article-title":"Antibody-mediated protection against intracellular pathogens","volume":"6","author":"Casadevall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/mmy.38.5.379.383","article-title":"Possible primary ecological niche of Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"38","author":"Cavalcanti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med. 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