{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:54:11Z","timestamp":1787612051920,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying azole resistance in seven Candida tropicalis isolates that caused candidemia and candiduria in Paran\u00e1, Brazil (2016\u20132022). Biofilm production, antifungal susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing, amplification and sequencing of ERG11, and quantification of ERG11, MDR1, and CDR1 expression levels were performed. Notably, five isolates (71.4%) were from urine samples and two (28.6%) were from blood samples. All strains were biofilm producers, with levels ranging from moderate to strong. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 8\u2013&gt;64 mg\/L for fluconazole and 0.25\u20131 mg\/L for voriconazole. All isolates had mutations in ERG11; Y132F and Y257N were predominant (71.4%), followed by Y132F and S154F (14.3%) and Y257H (14.3%). No differences in ERG11 expression were found between the susceptible and resistant groups, but MDR1 and CDR1 were more highly expressed in the susceptible isolates. All the isolates contained previously unassigned diploid sequence types. The emergence of C. tropicalis azole resistance has been previously described in Brazil; however, the presence of resistant isolates in urine highlights the need for surveillance resistant strains in both urinary and invasive contexts. In our study mutations in ERG11 were the main resistance mechanism identified in C. tropicalis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11010024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T11:24:19Z","timestamp":1735730659000},"page":"24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Azole Resistance and ERG11 Mutation in Clinical Isolates of Candida tropicalis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9130-5103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriele Celine","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (FPP), Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisele Aparecida","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central do Estado do Paran\u00e1 (LACEN-PR), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Pinhais 83060-500, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4555-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lavinia Nery Villa Stangler","family":"Arend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central do Estado do Paran\u00e1 (LACEN-PR), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Pinhais 83060-500, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle Tom\u00e9","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiane","family":"Rosolen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5855-6763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Costa Brand\u00e3o","family":"Berti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Maria Martins","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (FPP), Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds Muniz","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (FPP), Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6985-8828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca Cruz","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9774-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiza Souza","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9636-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libera Maria","family":"Dalla-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (IPPPP), Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe (FPP), Curitiba 80230-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.045054-0","article-title":"Candida Species: Current Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Biofilm Formation, Natural Antifungal Products and New Therapeutic Options","volume":"62","author":"Sardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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