{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:51:31Z","timestamp":1760057491794,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scytalidiosis in humans primarily causes feet and nail infections, with systemic infections rarely reported. In dogs, only one systemic infection of Scytalidium spp. has been reported to date. A 3-year-old giant schnauzer presented with loss of appetite, lethargy, and hind limb lameness. A complete clinical examination was performed, along with hematobiochemical tests, radiography, CT, MRI, and cytological and microbiological analyses of it enlarged lymph nodes. Hyperglobulinemia, vertebral osteolysis, and generalized lymphadenomegaly were diagnosed. Cytopathological and molecular investigations confirmed Scytalidium. Although treated with itraconazole, the dog\u2019s condition worsened after a premature discontinuation of therapy, leading to euthanasia. A post-mortem and histopathological examination revealed widespread infection. This case highlights the need to consider fungal infections in cases of elevated \u03b2-2 protein.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11020136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T05:34:32Z","timestamp":1739252072000},"page":"136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Systemic Scytalidium Infection with Hyperbetaglobulinemia in a Giant Schnauzer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9465-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Grassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Strada Campeggi 59-61, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"I-Vet Diagnostica Veterinaria, Via Majorana 10, 25020 Flero, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Turba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genefast srl, Via Baldassari 6, 47122 Forli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Pantoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I-Vet Diagnostica Veterinaria, Via Majorana 10, 25020 Flero, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0970-4827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Gentilini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6331-933X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela","family":"Olivieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Strada Campeggi 59-61, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1443-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Salogni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Via Rovelli 53, 24125 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9095-6326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Nardoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4689-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Gambini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I-Vet Diagnostica Veterinaria, Via Majorana 10, 25020 Flero, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3301-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Mancianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10947","article-title":"Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and ecosystem health","volume":"484","author":"Fisher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mmcr.2015.01.001","article-title":"Disseminated Scytalidium infection in a German shepherd dog","volume":"7","author":"Dunlap","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. 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