{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:17:12Z","timestamp":1785838632913,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ISDIN, Spain"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, affects about 4% of the global population. Current topical antifungals like ciclopirox and amorolfine have limited effectiveness, highlighting the need for better treatments. WSNS-PO is a novel water-soluble therapy designed to treat and prevent onychomycosis by enhancing nail health. This study evaluated WSNS-PO\u2019s ability to penetrate the nail plate and to treat and prevent infection by Trichophyton rubrum using bovine hoof membranes and human nail clippings. The anti-fungal efficacy of WSNS-PO was additionally evaluated against other dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte fungi, and yeast. The results showed that WSNS-PO effectively permeated nails and reduced and prevented the colonization of human nail fragments by T. rubrum ex vivo, demonstrating an efficacy comparable to ciclopirox and amorolfine. WSNS-PO also prevented the transfer of T. rubrum infection between nails and inhibited the fungal colonization of human skin by dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte fungi and yeast. Together, these results indicate that WSNS-PO possesses fungistatic, barrier-forming, and anti-adhesive properties, suggesting that it holds promise as an onychomycosis treatment against dermatophytes, yeast, and molds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11050345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T11:00:54Z","timestamp":1745924454000},"page":"345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An Assessment of the Antifungal Efficacy of a Novel Topical Onychomycosis Treatment Using Human Nail and Skin Infection Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1271-310X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2029-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Go\u00f1i-de-Cerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48170 Zamudio, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3139-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ainhoa","family":"Bilbao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48170 Zamudio, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5127-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e0","family":"Ribes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6115-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio R.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez de Henestrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5747-0706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludmila","family":"Prudkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8774-8534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Perugini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Foyaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Development, ISDIN, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maskan Bermudez, N., Rodr\u00edguez-Tamez, G., Perez, S., and Tosti, A. 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