{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:01:20Z","timestamp":1790179280398,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Colombiana de Infectolog\u00eda (ACIN), SurOccidente Chapter","award":["NIT 805007519-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIT 805007519-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive candidiasis (IC) in Latin America is undergoing a significant epidemiological shift, increasingly driven by non-albicans strains such as Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, and Candidozyma auris. These pathogens often exhibit multidrug resistance, which complicates treatment and increases mortality. Diagnostic limitations, particularly in rural and public hospitals, delay detection and hinder the provision of rapid care. Environmental pressures, such as climate change and the widespread use of azoles in agriculture, appear to favor the selection of resistant and thermotolerant strains. Migratory birds may also play a role in the environmental transmission of pathogenic fungi. These factors are amplified by socioeconomic inequalities that restrict access to diagnostics and first-line antifungals. To help mitigate this emerging challenge, a One Health-oriented framework combining integrated environmental surveillance, robust antifungal-stewardship programmers, broader diagnostic access, and coordinated cross-sector public health actions should be developed. Reinforcing these pillars could lessen the regional burden of IC and slow the advance of antifungal resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11090609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T11:50:31Z","timestamp":1755863431000},"page":"609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Changing Climate, Changing Candida: Environmental and Social Pressures on Invasive Candidiasis and Antifungal Resistance in Latin America"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0847-7343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Camilo","family":"Motta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Fundaci\u00f3n Cardioinfantil\u2014Instituto de Cardiolog\u00eda, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6034-3182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Rivas-Pinedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Diagnostic Mycology Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6180-792X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Millan","family":"Onate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Cl\u00ednica Sebastian de Belalc\u00e1zar, Cl\u00ednica Colsanitas, Keralty Group, Cali 760042, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Cl\u00ednica Imbanaco, Cali 760042, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Cl\u00ednica de Occidente S.A., Cali 760042, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1315399","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"373","author":"Campion","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. 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