{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:40:57Z","timestamp":1790422857640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FAR Dipartimentale 2024 (Ardizzoni)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thermo-tolerance is a virulence factor responsible for the emergence of new fungal pathogens, including Candidozyma auris (formerly classified as Candida auris, C. auris). It has been shown that in C. auris the thermo-tolerance, as well as other virulence traits, such as the ability to aggregate, to form pseudo-hyphae, or to produce melanin are strain-specific features. Here, we investigated the impact of different temperatures (25 \u00b0C, 37 \u00b0C and 42 \u00b0C) on the phenotypic and virulence profile of C. auris strain CDC B11903. The results show a positive correlation between the resistance to antifungals and increasing temperature from 25 \u00b0C to 37 \u00b0C, while no differences were observed between 37 \u00b0C and 42 \u00b0C, except for Anidulafungin. Furthermore, C. auris growth was impaired at 25 \u00b0C as compared to 37 \u00b0C and 42 \u00b0C. Except for the haemolytic activity, which increased with rising temperatures, phospholipase, lipase and biofilm production were found at all tested temperatures. Moreover, the ability to produce melanin was observed only at 37 \u00b0C and 42 \u00b0C. The capacity to grow as pseudo-hyphae or in clusters and to adhere to both biotic and abiotic surfaces were observed at all the temperatures tested, with increased propensity of C. auris to adhere to abiotic surfaces with rising temperatures. The results underline the thermo-tolerance of C. auris strain B11903 and its increased virulence profile at human body temperature both in physiological (37 \u00b0C) and febrile state (42 \u00b0C).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11090625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T10:35:17Z","timestamp":1756204517000},"page":"625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biological Features, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Phenotypic Characterization of Candidozyma auris CDC B11903 Grown at Different Temperatures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4025-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terenzio","family":"Cosio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive and Perioperative Clinics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2452-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Pedretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1369-0955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Spaggiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2150-5388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Tordelli Ruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-7344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samyr","family":"Kenno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-8325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuele","family":"Sabbatini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico Salvatore","family":"Pistoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manola","family":"Comar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health\u2014IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5027-9367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Monari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9845-7399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Ardizzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1970-2670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Gaziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5299-8197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Pericolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12539","article-title":"Global Trends in the Distribution of Candida Species Causing Candidemia","volume":"20","author":"Guinea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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