{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T15:15:21Z","timestamp":1783091721829,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The recent increase in the number of rare yeasts isolated from clinical specimens is a cause for concern, requiring accurate identification of these yeasts and assessment of their antifungal susceptibility to guide treatment. In this regard, we identified 196 rare yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens, mostly urine and respiratory tract specimens of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit and wards, using MALDI-TOF MS, and assessed their susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, isavuconazole and anidulafungin using the EUCAST broth microdilution method. Among the rare yeast species we isolated, Candida lusitaniae (13.8%) was the most common, followed by Magnusiomyces capitatus (13.3%), Candida fabianii (12.2%), and Trichosporon asahii (11.7%). Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed high echinocandin MIC values against Magnusiomyces spp., Trichosporon spp., and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolates. Similarly, we found high MIC values for fluconazole against the isolates of Magnusiomyces spp., T. asahii, R. mucilaginosa, and several Candida spp., including Candida guilliermondii, Candida pararugosa, Candida rugosa, Candida pelliculosa, Candida norvegensis, and Candida fabianii. We found similar MIC values across phylogenetically closely related species. In conclusion, prompt identification of rare yeasts and assessment of their antifungal susceptibilities are essential for effective treatment of the infections they cause.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11090645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:01:13Z","timestamp":1756818073000},"page":"645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Antifungal Susceptibilities of Rare Yeast Isolates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7943-7536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Turan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate ISLAB-2 Central Laboratory, Prof. Dr. S\u00fcleyman Yal\u00e7\u0131n City Hospital, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, 34722 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9624-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zafer","family":"Habip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, 34720 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Odaba\u015f\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Sehit Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Sancaktepe, 34785 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"D\u00f6mbek\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Sehit Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Sancaktepe, 34785 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narin","family":"G\u00fcndo\u011fu\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Sehit Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Sancaktepe, 34785 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8999-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve","family":"\u00d6zmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, 34720 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebahat","family":"Aksaray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Medical School, Usk\u00fcdar, 34668 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S173805","article-title":"Five-year China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) study of invasive fungal infections caused by noncandidal yeasts: Species distribution and azole susceptibility","volume":"11","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Drug. Resist."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e375","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00203-6","article-title":"Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of rare yeast infections: An initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01811-20","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01811-20","article-title":"Name Changes for Fungi of Medical Importance, 2018 to 2019","volume":"59","author":"Borman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac559","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac559","article-title":"Fungal Nomenclature: Managing Change is the Name of the Game","volume":"10","author":"Kidd","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Forum. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02016-14","article-title":"Name Changes in Medically Important Fungi and Their Implications for Clinical Practice","volume":"53","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00829-16","article-title":"Name Changes for Fungi of Medical Importance, 2012 to 2015","volume":"55","author":"Warnock","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15585","article-title":"Introduction to the updated Australasian consensus guidelines for the management of invasive fungal disease and use of antifungal agents in the haematology\/oncology setting","volume":"51","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2025, July 01). Available online: https:\/\/www.atlasclinicalfungi.org."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2025, July 01). Available online: https:\/\/www.indexfungorum.org."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"(2025, August 01). Available online: https:\/\/www.mycobank.org."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Astvad, K.M.T., Arikan-Akdagli, S., and Arendrup, M.C. (2022). A Pragmatic Approach to Susceptibility Classification of Yeasts without EUCAST Clinical Breakpoints. J. Fungi, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8020141"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2025, August 01). EUCAST Guidance on Interpretation of MICs for Rare Yeast Without Breakpoints in Breakpoint Tables. Available online: https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/astoffungi\/clinicalbreakpointsforantifungals."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12360","article-title":"ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections","volume":"20","author":"Arendrup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2025, August 01). EUCAST method for susceptibility testing of yeasts. Available online: https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/astoffungi\/methodsinantifungalsusceptibilitytesting\/susceptibility_testing_of_yeasts."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0164522","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01645-22","article-title":"Heightened Efficacy of Anidulafungin When Used in Combination with Manogepix or 5-Flucytosine against Candida auris In Vitro","volume":"67","author":"John","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"foz037","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/foz037","article-title":"The changing spectrum of Saccharomycotina yeasts causing candidemia: Phylogeny mirrors antifungal susceptibility patterns for azole drugs and amphothericin B","volume":"19","author":"Stavrou","year":"2019","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"9","article-title":"Fungemia due to Rare Yeasts Other Than Candida: 10 Years of Single-center Experience","volume":"12","author":"Tepe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Infect. Microb. Antimicrob."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz231","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility profiles of rare ascomycetous yeasts","volume":"74","author":"Hansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0172521","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01725-21","article-title":"Echinocandins Susceptibility Patterns of 2,787 Yeast Isolates: Importance of the Thresholds for the Detection of FKS Mutations","volume":"66","author":"Bretagne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spectrum and management of rare Candida\/yeast infections in Kuwait in the Middle East","volume":"11","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jabrodini, A., Eghtedarnejad, E., Ghanbarzadeh, A., Motamedi, M., Jafari, M., Kharazi, M., Yazdanpanah, S., and Khodadadi, H. (2025). Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility profile of rare and emerging yeast species causing onychomycosis. BMC Res. Notes., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-025-07197-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/11\/9\/645\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:37:17Z","timestamp":1760035037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/11\/9\/645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["jof11090645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof11090645","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}}}