{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:48:41Z","timestamp":1790452121044,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trichoderma afroharzianum is increasingly used in commercial bioformulations for plant disease management in Brazil, yet information about its compatibility with agricultural inputs remains scarce. This study evaluated the in vitro interactions between four Brazilian strains of T. afroharzianum and 32 inputs from different classes, including fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, and microbial products. Mycelial growth and conidial germination were analyzed to identify potential incompatibilities that could compromise the fungus\u2019s performance in combined applications. In the first bioassay, 16 products inhibited mycelial growth by more than 67%. In the second, which simulated spray solution contact, most products (12 out of 16) did not significantly affect conidial germination (&gt;76%). However, the bionematicide based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the fungicide Picoxystrobin + Benzovindiflupyr reduced germination to below 9% and 14%, respectively. Fungicides containing Picoxystrobin + Prothioconazole and Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole showed strain-dependent inhibition. These results provide the first detailed assessment of the compatibility of Brazilian T. afroharzianum strains with a broad range of agricultural inputs and can support safer use of biocontrol agents in integrated and sustainable crop protection strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11110812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T12:55:31Z","timestamp":1763556931000},"page":"812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Compatibility of Brazilian Strains of Trichoderma afroharzianum with Various Agricultural Inputs Under In Vitro Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3014-0517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eder","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Pathology Research Center, Phytosanitary Sector, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Samambaia Campus, Av. Esperan\u00e7a s\/n, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3259-2990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mois\u00e9s Rodrigues","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Breeding Sector and Plant Pathology Research Center, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Samambaia Campus, Av. Esperan\u00e7a s\/n, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanessa Mendanha","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Pathology Research Center, Phytosanitary Sector, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Samambaia Campus, Av. Esperan\u00e7a s\/n, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keren Hapuque Mendes","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Pathology Research Center, Phytosanitary Sector, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Samambaia Campus, Av. Esperan\u00e7a s\/n, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce Gon\u00e7alves","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Pathology Research Center, Phytosanitary Sector, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Samambaia Campus, Av. 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