{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T21:24:21Z","timestamp":1781126661902,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Agriculture Research System","award":["CARS-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the \u201cfungus-forest conflict\u201d in the edible mushroom industry and the challenge of resource utilization for bamboo substrate waste, this study focused on white Auricularia cornea, and cultivation systems were established with bamboo substrate replacing wood chips at ratios of 0%, 18%, 38%, 58%, and 78%. By integrating liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) analysis with agronomic trait measurements, the study elucidated the metabolic adaptation mechanisms of the substrate. Results indicated that white A. cornea could grow normally in all bamboo substrates, with the 58% bamboo substrate replacement group (D_58) demonstrating the most optimal overall performance. The mycelial growth rate reached 3.55 \u00b1 0.24 mm\/d, and the growth period was the shortest (86.2 d), balancing growth efficiency with cost advantages. Metabolomics detected 3779 metabolites, primarily amino acids and their derivatives (42.2%) and organic acids (35.54%). Compared to the control group, each treatment group exhibited 104\u2013528 upregulated and 192\u2013630 downregulated differential metabolites, with 93 shared differential metabolites and numerous unique markers. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that varying bamboo substrate ratios shaped growth adaptation strategies by regulating core pathways such as nucleotide metabolism and ABC transporters. This study established the feasibility and optimal formulation of bamboo substrate substitution, elucidated the substrate\u2013metabolite\u2013phenotype linkage mechanism, and provided theoretical foundations and practical references for high-quality cultivation of white A. cornea and sustainable development through \u201csubstituting bamboo for wood\u201d to reduce carbon emissions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12020140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:09:32Z","timestamp":1770998972000},"page":"140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Metabolomics Reveals the Adaptive Strategy of White Auricularia cornea to Bamboo Substrate Variation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8277-1966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianqi","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangjie","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vegetable Research Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengtao","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zirui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haimeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Centre of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4867-6598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zufa","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vegetable Research Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, F., Tohtirjap, A., Fan, L.-F., Zhou, L.-W., Alvarenga, R.L.M., Gibertoni, T.B., and Dai, Y.-C. 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