{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T11:06:08Z","timestamp":1774263968988,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A commercially available nitric oxide (NO)-releasing solution (NORS) has demonstrated in vitro efficacy for dermatophytosis, but a NO-releasing gel (NORG) may be more suitable for patient self-application. We present a preliminary investigation of NORS for tinea pedis and an in vitro investigation of NORG for dermatophyte infection, to complement the existing published data and expand support for a possible role of NO formulations in superficial dermatophyte infection. In vitro usage of NORS and NORG is reviewed. The antifungal efficacy of NORG was assessed via time-kill assays, zone of inhibition tests with synthetic dermal membrane permeation, and scanning electron microscopy. A randomized, controlled pilot study of NORS for tinea pedis investigated the safety and efficacy of treatment over three consecutive days, with a day-31 follow-up. The NORG demonstrated rapid fungicidal activity against T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes and effective dermal membrane penetration while retaining antifungal action. Significant morphological damage to fungal cells was noted, indicating possible fungicidal activity. The clinical NORS treatment reduced the clinical symptom severity score by 67% on average, with no significant safety findings. These findings, in addition to existing publications, support NO-releasing formulations as potential therapies that warrant further clinical investigation for superficial fungal infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12030228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T09:48:42Z","timestamp":1774259322000},"page":"228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Nitric Oxide-Releasing Formulations Show Fungicidal Potential for Superficial Dermatophyte Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8664-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1121-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Kearl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valley Podiatry, Chilliwack, BC V2R 0J2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5697-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris C.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research & Development Corp, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harmanpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research & Development Corp, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najmeh","family":"Dorafshanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research & Development Corp, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research & Development Corp, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1231-9292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon J. L.","family":"Teskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research & Development Corp, Vancouver, BC V6P 6T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Road","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.7.2840-2844.2005","article-title":"Amino Acid Substitution in Trichophyton Rubrum Squalene Epoxidase Associated with Resistance to Terbinafine","volume":"49","author":"Osborne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-021-00544-2","article-title":"Taxonomy of the Trichophyton Mentagrophytes\/T. 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