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Beyond plants, many fungi\u2014including endophytic fungi that reside within plant tissues without visible disease symptoms\u2014can synthesize IAA and thereby modulate plant performance and plant\u2013fungus interactions. However, fungal IAA biosynthesis remains less resolved than bacterial or plant pathways, and mechanistic evidence is uneven across taxa. This review summarizes recent (2020\u20132025) advances in IAA-producing endophytic fungi, the main proposed biosynthetic routes and intermediates, and methodological considerations for attributing IAA production to the fungal partner. The reported associations of fungal IAA with beneficial interactions are then discussed, including growth promotion, stress tolerance, and interaction-mediated changes in the root system\u2019s architecture, with emphasis on the concentration- and context-dependent nature of plant responses. Overall, fungal IAA is associated with diverse plant\u2013fungus interactions, as discussed in this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12050334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T07:57:29Z","timestamp":1777967849000},"page":"334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Indole-3-Acetic Acid Biosynthesis by Endophytic Fungi and Its Association with Plant\u2013Fungus Interactions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Adiyadolgor","family":"Turbat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Peace Avenue-54b, Bayanzurkh District, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8131-1518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aruna","family":"Vigneshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6042-3353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thu","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City 72607, Vietnam"},{"name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City,\u00a0Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 71351, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0081-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nomuun","family":"Oyunbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2294-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apoorv","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bio-Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramod W.","family":"Ramteke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Ambedkar College, Deekshbhoomi, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nika","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8211-5431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"HUN-REN-SZTE Pathomechanisms of Fungal Infections Research Group, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0009-7773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Csaba","family":"V\u00e1gv\u00f6lgyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1651-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Szekeres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, K\u00f6z\u00e9p Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sosnowski, J., Truba, M., and Vasileva, V. 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