{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T20:17:37Z","timestamp":1778271457072,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002081","name":"Irish Research Council Government of Ireland PhD Scholarship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GOIPG\/2019\/3808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GOIPG\/2019\/3808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science Foundation ireland","award":["12\/RI\/2346(3)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/RI\/2346(3)"]}]},{"name":"SFI Investigator Award","award":["12\/IP\/1695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/IP\/1695"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although Aspergillus fumigatus has been identified as a critical fungal pathogen by the World Health Organization, diagnosis of the various types of aspergilloses remains unsatisfactory. New biomarkers of disease and accessible test systems are needed. Moreover, new treatment concepts are required to address infections caused by this invasive pathogen. Siderophore production by A. fumigatus offers opportunities for both improved diagnosis and potential therapy. Here, we report the development of a competitive ELISA that detects ferrated triacetylfusarinine C (FeTAFC) using a recombinant monoclonal IgG [anti-FeTAFC]. The FeTAFC ELISA can detect FeTAFC in human urine, a matrix proposed to be especially suitable for disease diagnosis because of the non-invasive nature of specimen collection. In addition, a novel assay was developed to assess the in vitro inhibitory properties of the IgG [anti-FeTAFC] towards A. fumigatus mutant and wild-type growth under iron-limiting conditions. The growth of A. fumigatus \u0394sidD, deficient in TAFC and precursor fusarinine C (FsC) biosynthesis, was significantly reduced (p = 0.0003) in the presence of the antibody. While the growth of A. fumigatus wild-type was less affected in the presence of the antibody, the ratio of secreted TAFC:FsC was increased due to increased conversion of FsC to TAFC\u2014likely because of extracellular complexation of FeTAFC by the IgG [anti-FeTAFC]. This work shows the utility of the IgG [anti-FeTAFC] for the detection of A. fumigatus and initial evidence for limiting fungal growth by attenuation of FeTAFC uptake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12050342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T09:03:37Z","timestamp":1778144617000},"page":"342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential Diagnostic and Research Applications of a Recombinant Antibody Directed Against Ferrated Triacetylfusarinine C from Aspergillus fumigatus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5521-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6545-1978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Garcia Revuelto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kieran G.","family":"Walshe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Accuplex Diagnostics Limited, A85 CD51 Ratoath, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0446-2383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathal M.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4967-3284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola M.","family":"Moloney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 XY3X Maynooth, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00492.x","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"12","author":"Neofytos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transpl. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1008","article-title":"Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium","volume":"71","author":"Donnelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw326","article-title":"Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Aspergillosis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou\u0161\u0165, J., Sp\u00ed\u017eek, J., and Havl\u00ed\u010dek, V. (2020). Antifungal Drugs. Metabolites, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10030106"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S121","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1751","article-title":"EORTC\/MSGERC Definitions of Invasive Fungal Diseases: Summary of Activities of the Intensive Care Unit Working Group","volume":"72","author":"Bassetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2024.06.003","article-title":"The Utility of Real-Time PCR, Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing, and Culture in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Aspergillosis","volume":"26","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mol. Diagn."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459405","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/459405","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: From diagnosis to prediction of outcome","volume":"2013","author":"Barton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientifica"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02913-15","article-title":"Diagnostic Performance of Galactomannan Antigen Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid","volume":"54","author":"Chong","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00345-17","article-title":"Diagnostic Value of Galactomannan Antigen Test in Serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Samples from Patients with Nonneutropenic Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis","volume":"55","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.01.005","article-title":"Serum galactomannan antigen test for the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"68","author":"Shin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2010.08.014","article-title":"Aspergillus galactomannan antigen assay in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"61","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imbert, S., Meyer, I., Palous, M., Brossas, J.Y., Uzunov, M., Touafek, F., Gay, F., Trosini-Desert, V., and Fekkar, A. (2018). Aspergillus PCR in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Aspergillosis in Patients With Hematological and Non-hematological Conditions. Front. Microbiol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01877"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.10.017","article-title":"Laboratory innovations to diagnose invasive mould infections-what is relevant, what is not?","volume":"32","author":"Vanbiervliet","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatziharalambous, D., Lygirou, V., Latosinska, A., Stravodimos, K., Vlahou, A., Jankowski, V., and Zoidakis, J. (2016). Analytical Performance of ELISA Assays in Urine: One More Bottleneck towards Biomarker Validation and Clinical Implementation. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149471"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.1.635-637.2005","article-title":"Detection of gliotoxin in experimental and human aspergillosis","volume":"73","author":"Lewis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerqueira, L.B., de Francisco, T.M., Gasparetto, J.C., Campos, F.R., and Pontarolo, R. (2014). Development and validation of an HPLC-MS\/MS method for the early diagnosis of aspergillosis. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092851"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.01.012","article-title":"Bis(methyl)gliotoxin proves to be a more stable and reliable marker for invasive aspergillosis than gliotoxin and suitable for use in diagnosis","volume":"73","author":"Domingo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-7209-6","article-title":"Clinical validity of bis(methylthio)gliotoxin for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis","volume":"100","author":"Domingo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16648-z","article-title":"Non-invasive and invasive diagnoses of aspergillosis in a rat model by mass spectrometry","volume":"7","author":"Lemr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0406822","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04068-22","article-title":"Siderophore-Based Noninvasive Differentiation of Aspergillus fumigatus Colonization and Invasion in Pulmonary Aspergillosis","volume":"11","author":"Patil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skriba, A., Pluhacek, T., Palyzova, A., Novy, Z., Lemr, K., Hajduch, M., Petrik, M., and Havlicek, V. (2018). Early and Non-invasive Diagnosis of Aspergillosis Revealed by Infection Kinetics Monitored in a Rat Model. Front. Microbiol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02356"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobi\u00e1\u0161, R., Jahn, P., T\u00f3thov\u00e1, K., Dobe\u0161ov\u00e1, O., Vi\u0161\u0148ovsk\u00e1, D., Patil, R., \u0160kr\u00edba, A., Jaworsk\u00e1, P., \u0160kori\u010d, M., and Podojil, L. (2023). Diagnosis of Aspergillosis in Horses. J. Fungi, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9020161"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2018.09.006","article-title":"Triacetylfusarinine C: A urine biomarker for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis","volume":"78","author":"Hoenigl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0219222","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02192-22","article-title":"Uptake of the Siderophore Triacetylfusarinine C, but Not Fusarinine C, Is Crucial for Virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"13","author":"Aguiar","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20220252","article-title":"Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus: Impact on biotic interactions and potential translational applications","volume":"67","author":"Happacher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2021.114384","article-title":"Generation and characterisation of a semi-synthetic siderophore-immunogen conjugate and a derivative recombinant triacetylfusarinine C-specific monoclonal antibody with fungal diagnostic application","volume":"632","author":"Moloney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Mambro, T., Guerriero, I., Aurisicchio, L., Magnani, M., and Marra, E. (2019). The Yin and Yang of Current Antifungal Therapeutic Strategies: How Can We Harness Our Natural Defenses?. Front. Pharmacol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00080"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.01.003","article-title":"A monoclonal antibody against glycoproteins of Aspergillus fumigatus shows anti-adhesive potential","volume":"79","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lian, X., Scott-Thomas, A., Lewis, J.G., Bhatia, M., and Chambers, S.T. (2022). A Novel Monoclonal Antibody 1D2 That Broadly Inhibits Clinically Important Aspergillus Species. J. Fungi, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8090960"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2003.10.009","article-title":"Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus mycotoxins: Immunogen synthesis and immunoassay development","volume":"56","author":"Fox","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mulvihill, E.D., Moloney, N.M., Owens, R.A., Dolan, S.K., Russell, L., and Doyle, S. (2017). Functional investigation of iron-responsive microsomal proteins, including MirC, in Aspergillus fumigatus. Front. Microbiol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00418"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030128","article-title":"Distinct roles for intra- and extracellular siderophores during Aspergillus fumigatus infection","volume":"3","author":"Schrettl","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2015.12.025","article-title":"The iron-responsive microsomal proteome of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"136","author":"Moloney","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000862","article-title":"Siderophores: A potential role as a diagnostic for invasive fungal disease","volume":"35","author":"Kriegl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carroll, C.S., Amankwa, L.N., Pinto, L.J., Fuller, J.D., and Moore, M.M. (2016). Detection of a Serum Siderophore by LC-MS\/MS as a Potential Biomarker of Invasive Aspergillosis. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155451"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu, Y., Weerakoon, K.G., Olveda, R.M., Ross, A.G., McManus, D.P., and Cai, P. (2022). Diagnostic performance of a urine-based ELISA assay for the screening of human schistosomiasis japonica: A comparative study. Front. Microbiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1051575"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobi\u00e1\u0161, R., Jaworsk\u00e1, P., Skopelidou, V., Strako\u0161, J., Vi\u0161\u0148ovsk\u00e1, D., K\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1, M., \u0160kr\u00edba, A., Lyskov\u00e1, P., Bartek, T., and Jan\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e1, I. (2022). Distinguishing Invasive from Chronic Pulmonary Infections: Host Pentraxin 3 and Fungal Siderophores in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids. J. Fungi, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8111194"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1667-2","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rK28 ELISA using urine for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"9","author":"Ghosh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bky060","article-title":"Validation and Cross-Reactivity Data for Fentanyl Analogs With the Immunalysis Fentanyl ELISA","volume":"43","author":"Guerrieri","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0491(98)10125-6","article-title":"An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring vitellogenin in English sole (Pleuronectes vetulus): Development, validation and cross-reactivity with other pleuronectids","volume":"121","author":"Lomax","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2011.09.012","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo evaluation of selected 68Ga-siderophores for infection imaging","volume":"39","author":"Petrik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171794","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3171794","article-title":"Exploiting the Concept of Multivalency with 68Ga- and 89Zr-Labelled Fusarinine C-Minigastrin Bioconjugates for Targeting CCK2R Expression","volume":"2018","author":"Summer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contrast Media Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72452-2","article-title":"Live-cell imaging with Aspergillus fumigatus-specific fluorescent siderophore conjugates","volume":"10","author":"Pfister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.59.3.677-681.1993","article-title":"A method for detection of pseudobactin, the siderophore produced by a plant-growth-promoting pseudomonas strain, in the barley rhizosphere","volume":"59","author":"Buyer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.2.419-424.1990","article-title":"Monoclonal Antibodies to Ferric Pseudobactin, the Siderophore of Plant Growth-Promoting Pseudomonas putida B10","volume":"56","author":"Buyer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13462","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606290113","article-title":"Siderophore-based immunization strategy to inhibit growth of enteric pathogens","volume":"113","author":"Chairatana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0218422","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02184-22","article-title":"Siderophore Immunization Restricted Colonization of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli and Ameliorated Experimental Colitis","volume":"13","author":"Gerner","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.133241","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive ELISA for quantitative detection of Enterobacteriaceae siderophore enterobactin","volume":"391","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfister, J., Summer, D., Petrik, M., Khoylou, M., Lichius, A., Kaeopookum, P., Kochinke, L., Orasch, T., Haas, H., and Decristoforo, C. (2020). Hybrid Imaging of Aspergillus fumigatus Pulmonary Infection with Fluorescent, 68Ga-Labelled Siderophores. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020168"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1039\/C4NP00071D","article-title":"Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"31","author":"Haas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.6b00666","article-title":"Inhibition of the Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase Siderophore A (SidA) Blocks Siderophore Biosynthesis and Aspergillus fumigatus Growth","volume":"11","author":"Vogelaar","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"Moloney, N. (2017). Exploring the Secreted Proteome and Metabolome of Iron-Starved Aspergillus fumigatus for Tools to Combat Fungal Infection. [Ph.D. Thesis, National University of Ireland]."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2014.07.006","article-title":"Regulation of nonribosomal peptide synthesis: Bis-thiomethylation attenuates gliotoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"21","author":"Dolan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/5\/342\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T19:51:00Z","timestamp":1778269860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/5\/342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["jof12050342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof12050342","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]}}}