{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T11:19:25Z","timestamp":1783077565645,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peritoneal coccidioidomycosis is a rare, disseminated manifestation of Coccidioides infection with limited representation in the literature. We report 37 proven or probable cases from a single institution, including 12 patients (32%) with immunosuppression. Thirty-six patients received antifungal therapy, all of whom demonstrated clinical response. Among 11 (29.7%) patients who completed and stopped therapy after a median duration of 26 months, 2 (5%) experienced a relapse and were successfully retreated. Nine patients (24%) had no known relapse. Thirteen patients (35%) required modification of antifungal regimens, primarily due to azole adverse effects. Treatment approaches and median duration of therapy (57 months) were similar between immunosuppressed and non-immunosuppressed groups. No deaths were attributable to infection. Overall, outcomes were favorable, with strong clinical responses to azole therapy. Patients without identifiable immunologic deficits or additional sites of dissemination, when managed with antifungal therapy and close clinical, radiologic, and serologic monitoring, may achieve good prognosis, particularly when indefinite azole therapy is not feasible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12070489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T07:59:47Z","timestamp":1783065587000},"page":"489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coccidioidal Peritonitis: Clinical Characteristics, Treatment and Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5393-0397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamilah L.","family":"Shubeilat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7587-7569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandhya R.","family":"Nagarakanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer","family":"Almajali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7595-7630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaxon K.","family":"Quillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Services, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic\u2014Samuel C. Johnson Research Center, Scottsdale, AZ 85059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6503-0989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Buras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Services, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic\u2014Samuel C. Johnson Research Center, Scottsdale, AZ 85059, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Speiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2267-1473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janis","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"453","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"35","author":"Bays","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2020-001655","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis: A review","volume":"69","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e250064","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.250064","article-title":"Multisystemic Imaging Features of Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"46","author":"Haug","year":"2026","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"R Core Team (2024). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: https:\/\/www.R-project.org."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1086\/496991","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"41","author":"Galgiani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac017","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac017","article-title":"Coccidioidal Peritonitis: A Review of 17 Cases","volume":"9","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Ajello, L. (1967). Coccidioidal peritonitis. Coccidioidomycosis: Papers from the Second Symposium on Coccidioidomycosis, The University of Arizona Press."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw360","article-title":"2016 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"63","author":"Galgiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1406.010","article-title":"State-of-the-art treatment of coccidioidomycosis: Skin and soft-tissue infections","volume":"1111","author":"Blair","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2000024","article-title":"Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis Treated with Interferon-\u03b3 and Dupilumab","volume":"382","author":"Tsai","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/7\/489\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:25:36Z","timestamp":1783074336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/7\/489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jof12070489"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof12070489","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]}}}