{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:17:02Z","timestamp":1785406622036,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan Tropical Ocean University","award":["RHDRC202338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RHDRC202338"]}]},{"award":["RHDRC202338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RHDRC202338"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y5fjx51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Fund Projects of Hainan Province","award":["321RC748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["321RC748"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Science and Technology Talent Innovation Project","award":["KJRC2023B18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJRC2023B18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Fungi","JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deep-sea sediment-derived fungal isolates remain underrepresented in organized living collections for phenotype-based screening. We applied 12 complementary isolation protocols\u2014dilution plating, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) pretreatment, and plate stamping\u2014to four deep-sea sediment materials (2595\u20136000 m) representing three sampling units from the Mariana Trench slope region and the South China Sea. After morphotype-based purification, isolates were characterized by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) closest-match analysis and phylogenetic placement; selected representatives were further screened against five phytopathogenic strains using dual-culture, culture filtrate, and volatile organic compound (VOC) assays. In total, 159 isolates were placed within Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota, representing 35 closest-match genus-level groups and 22 low-similarity ITS phylotypes (&lt;95% similarity) preserved as living cultures. Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Aspergillus were most frequent. Recovered diversity profiles varied among sediment materials and protocols, with plate stamping capturing a large, compositionally distinct subset of the collection. In dual culture, all 23 tested isolates inhibited at least one pathogen, with maximum mycelial growth inhibition reaching 98.74%. Culture filtrate and VOC assays produced partially discordant activity profiles, highlighting assay-format-dependent effects. This study establishes an ITS-organized living fungal collection and provides a phenotype-based framework for targeted taxonomic, chemical, and biocontrol-oriented follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12080544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T06:11:42Z","timestamp":1784787102000},"page":"544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Culturable Fungi Recovered from Deep-Sea Sediments: Diversity, Phylogenetic Placement, and In Vitro Antagonistic Activity Against Phytopathogenic Fungi"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1204-6941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxiong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"},{"name":"Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongmin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyou","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3951-2567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiajun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2214-9044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huimin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Molecular Breeding, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexian","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China"},{"name":"Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-010-9765-8","article-title":"Fungal community analysis in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Basin by culture-independent approach","volume":"61","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funeco.2010.01.002","article-title":"Fungal diversity in deep-sea sediments\u2014The presence of novel fungal groups","volume":"3","author":"Nagano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fungal Ecol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2016.01.001","article-title":"Fungal community analysis in the deep-sea sediments of the Pacific Ocean assessed by comparison of ITS, 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA regions","volume":"109","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Deep-Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wijayawardene, N.N., Bahram, M., S\u00e1nchez-Castro, I., Dai, D.-Q., Ariyawansa, K.G.S.U., Jayalal, U., Suwannarach, N., and Tedersoo, L. (2021). Current insight into culture-dependent and culture-independent methods in discovering ascomycetous taxa. J. Fungi, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7090703"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funeco.2012.01.001","article-title":"Fungal diversity in deep-sea sediments revealed by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fungal Ecol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-013-0394-6","article-title":"Diverse deep-sea fungi from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activity","volume":"67","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/12298093.2020.1871175","article-title":"Diversity and antiaflatoxigenic activities of culturable filamentous fungi from deep-sea sediments of the South Atlantic Ocean","volume":"49","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycobiology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6241","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1117018109","article-title":"Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for fungi","volume":"109","author":"Schoch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2014.07.004","article-title":"Phylogeny, identification and nomenclature of the genus Aspergillus","volume":"78","author":"Samson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stud. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2014.09.001","article-title":"Identification and nomenclature of the genus Penicillium","volume":"78","author":"Visagie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stud. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3114\/sim0003","article-title":"The genus Cladosporium","volume":"72","author":"Bensch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stud. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2014.08.001","article-title":"Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Talaromyces","volume":"78","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stud. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4594","DOI":"10.3390\/md13084594","article-title":"A brief review of bioactive metabolites derived from deep-sea fungi","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zain ul Arifeen, M., Ma, Y.-N., Xue, Y.-R., and Liu, C.-H. (2020). Deep-sea fungi could be the new arsenal for bioactive molecules. Mar. Drugs, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/md18010009"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2011.00783.x","article-title":"The top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology","volume":"13","author":"Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ling, L., Feng, L., Li, Y., Yue, R., Wang, Y., and Zhou, Y. (2024). Endophytic fungi volatile organic compounds as crucial biocontrol agents used for controlling fruit and vegetable postharvest diseases. J. Fungi, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10050332"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-006-0376-8","article-title":"Effect of culture conditions on mycelial growth, antibacterial activity, and metabolite profiles of the marine-derived fungus Arthrinium c.f. saccharicola","volume":"72","author":"Miao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-007-9334-y","article-title":"Fungi and macroaggregation in deep-sea sediments","volume":"56","author":"Damare","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"248","article-title":"Analysis of chemical constituents from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCS-KFD03","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Trop. Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-195003000-00006","article-title":"Use of acid, rose bengal, and streptomycin in the plate method for estimating soil fungi","volume":"69","author":"Martin","year":"1950","journal-title":"Soil Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"88","article-title":"Selective isolation of cultivable actinomycetes from Thai coastal marine sediment","volume":"42","author":"Ruttanasutja","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chiang Mai J. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-004-6540-1","article-title":"Marine actinomycete diversity and natural product discovery","volume":"87","author":"Jensen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antonie Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, L., Yang, L., Li, W., Xu, D., Yang, N., Li, G., and Wan, P. (2021). Diversity and biocontrol potential of culturable endophytic fungi in cotton. Front. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.698930"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"11","article-title":"A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue","volume":"19","author":"Doyle","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phytochem. Bull."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J., and White, T.J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010","article-title":"MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: Improvements in performance and usability","volume":"30","author":"Katoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"msag117","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msag117","article-title":"IQ-TREE 3: Phylogenomic inference software using complex evolutionary models","volume":"43","author":"Wong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4285","article-title":"ModelFinder: Fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates","volume":"14","author":"Kalyaanamoorthy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msx281","article-title":"UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation","volume":"35","author":"Hoang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W78","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae268","article-title":"Interactive Tree of Life (iTOL) v6: Recent updates to the phylogenetic tree display and annotation tool","volume":"52","author":"Letunic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2020.05.022","article-title":"Endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Aloe dhufarensis Lavranos exhibit antagonistic potential against phytopathogenic fungi","volume":"147","author":"Maharachchikumbura","year":"2022","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089","article-title":"NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schneider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, M.H., Park, I.-K., Lee, J.K., Lee, D.-H., and Shin, K. (2024). Antifungal activity of culture filtrate from endophytic fungus Nectria balsamea E282 and its fractions against Dryadomyces quercus-mongolicae. Forests, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/f15020332"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ch\u00e1vez-Avil\u00e9s, M.N., Garc\u00eda-\u00c1lvarez, M., \u00c1vila-Oviedo, J.L., Hern\u00e1ndez-Hern\u00e1ndez, I., Bautista-Ortega, P.I., and Mac\u00edas-Rodr\u00edguez, L.I. (2024). Volatile organic compounds produced by Trichoderma asperellum with antifungal properties against Colletotrichum acutatum. Microorganisms, 12.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202408.1884.v1"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"11","article-title":"Effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of Trichoderma spp. on Botrytis fabae, the causative agent of faba bean chocolate spot","volume":"2","author":"Barakat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"9","article-title":"PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis","volume":"4","author":"Hammer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeontol. Electron."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e239","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.239","article-title":"ImageGP 2 for enhanced data visualization and reproducible analysis in biomedical research","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"iMeta"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"IBM Corp (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, 2019). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-020-0003-z","article-title":"Phylogenetic diversity and bioactivity of culturable deep-sea-derived fungi from Okinawa Trough","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Oceanol. Limnol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2009.01886.x","article-title":"Diversity of culturable marine filamentous fungi from deep-sea hydrothermal vents","volume":"11","author":"Burgaud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.04064-14","article-title":"Species richness and adaptation of marine fungi from deep-subseafloor sediments","volume":"81","author":"Navarri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, L., Sun, J., Wang, Y., Tang, X., Tan, H., Zhou, H., Cheng, H., and Chen, Z. (2026). Variations in deep-sea microbial composition and assembly mechanisms under different culture strategies. Front. Microbiol., 17.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1783610"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, L., Song, Q., Jiang, Q., and Li, Z. (2021). The horizontal and vertical distribution of deep-sea sediments fungal community in the South China Sea. Front. Mar. Sci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.592784"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velez, P., Salcedo, D.L., Espinosa-Asuar, L., Gasca-Pineda, J., Hernandez-Monroy, A., and Soto, L.A. (2022). Fungal diversity in sediments from deep-sea extreme ecosystems: Insights into low- and high-temperature hydrothermal vents, and an oxygen minimum zone in the southern Gulf of California, Mexico. Front. Mar. Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.802634"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1080\/21501203.2025.2526772","article-title":"New bioactive secondary metabolites from fungi: 2024","volume":"16","author":"Bao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mycology"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-120710-100802","article-title":"Marine fungi: Their ecology and molecular diversity","volume":"4","author":"Richards","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01189-18","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01189-18","article-title":"Fungi in the marine environment: Open questions and unsolved problems","volume":"10","author":"Amend","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2008.02.004","article-title":"Spore germination of fungi belonging to Aspergillus species under deep-sea conditions","volume":"55","author":"Damare","year":"2008","journal-title":"Deep-Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11436","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90920-1","article-title":"High hydrostatic pressure shapes the development and production of secondary metabolites of Mariana Trench sediment fungi","volume":"11","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villanueva-Silva, R., Velez, P., Riquelme, M., Fajardo-Hern\u00e1ndez, C.A., Mart\u00ednez-C\u00e1rdenas, A., Arista-Romero, A., Wan, B., Ma, R., Qader, M., and Franzblau, S.G. (2021). Chemical diversity and antimicrobial potential of cultivable fungi from deep-sea sediments of the Gulf of Mexico. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237328"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, M., Shaheen, H.M.U., Zuo, C., Xiong, Y., He, B., Ye, Y., and Yan, W. (2025). Natural products from marine microorganisms with agricultural applications. Mar. Drugs, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/md23110438"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2012.07.001","article-title":"Fungal volatile organic compounds: A review with emphasis on their biotechnological potential","volume":"26","author":"Morath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fungal Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-6494-4","article-title":"Fungal volatile organic compounds and their role in ecosystems","volume":"99","author":"Hung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schulz-Bohm, K., Mart\u00edn-S\u00e1nchez, L., and Garbeva, P. (2017). Microbial volatiles: Small molecules with an important role in intra- and inter-kingdom interactions. Front. Microbiol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02484"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funbio.2025.101606","article-title":"Application of fungal volatile organic compounds for enhancing plant growth and controlling plant pathogens","volume":"129","author":"Elsherbiny","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fungal Biol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1286","article-title":"Fungal secondary metabolism\u2014From biochemistry to genomics","volume":"3","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W46","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad344","article-title":"antiSMASH 7.0: New and improved predictions for detection, regulation, chemical structures and visualisation","volume":"51","author":"Blin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1002\/1439-7633(20020703)3:7<619::AID-CBIC619>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Big effects from small changes: Possible ways to explore nature\u2019s chemical diversity","volume":"3","author":"Bode","year":"2002","journal-title":"ChemBioChem"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3597","article-title":"Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Lama Caban\u00e1s, C., and Mercado-Blanco, J. (2025). Groundbreaking technologies and the biocontrol of fungal vascular plant pathogens. J. Fungi, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11010077"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/8\/544\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T06:30:49Z","timestamp":1784788249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/12\/8\/544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["jof12080544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof12080544","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]}}}