{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:30:12Z","timestamp":1786595412699,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Research and Development Projects","award":["202603AS090012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202603AS090012"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Research and Development Projects","award":["202601AS070045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202601AS070045"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32370043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["32370043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370043"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Yunnan University","award":["KC-252513324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC-252513324"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Yunnan University","award":["KC-252513213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC-252513213"]}]},{"award":["KC-252513324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC-252513324"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0040axw97","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["KC-252513213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC-252513213"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0040axw97","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yunnan Provincial University Technology Projects for Key Industries\u2014Doctoral Candidate Industrial Service Innovation Cultivation Program","award":["FWCY-BSPY2024019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWCY-BSPY2024019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Fungi","JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arthrobotrys oligospora is a widely distributed nematode-trapping (NT) fungus that captures nematodes by developing flexible traps. In fungi, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are crucial for intracellular signaling, governing processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation in filamentous species. In this study, we characterized the functions of AoPtp (an orthologous PTP) through gene knockout, phenotypic, multi-omics, and yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analyses. Inactivation of Aoptp caused a marked increase in trap number and nematode predation ability. The \u0394Aoptp mutants exhibited enhanced mycelial growth on TYGA and TG media, but showed no significant growth difference on PDA medium, together with reduced spore yield, and altered stress responses. In addition, phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses suggested that AoPtp is associated with lipid droplet accumulation and autophagy-related processes. Metabolomic analysis revealed extensive changes in metabolic profiles, including an approximately six-fold reduction in arthrobotrisin abundance. Furthermore, AoPtp interacts with AoFus3 and AoSlt2 in a Y2H assay, suggesting its potential involvement in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. In summary, we demonstrated that AoPtp is a pleiotropic regulator of sporulation, trap development, stress tolerance, and metabolic process in A. oligospora. These findings provide a basis for probing the regulatory mechanism of PTPs underlying trap formation in NT fungi, as well as for exploring their potential applications in biocontrol of nematode-associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof12080595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T08:09:36Z","timestamp":1786435776000},"page":"595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Regulates Sporulation, Trap Morphogenesis, Stress Responses, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Guiqiu","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lirong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3106-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinkui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Basic Research and Innovative Application for Green Biological Production, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuo, C.Y., Chen, S.A., and Hsueh, Y.P. 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