{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:19:08Z","timestamp":1760242748032,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]],"date-time":"2016-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis continues to cause a substantial burden of death in low and middle income countries. Better diagnostics allow detection of cryptococcosis in the asymptomatic phase and using these technologies to screen at-risk persons would likely reduce mortality. The World Health Organization recommends cryptococcal antigen screening among populations with a prevalence of cryptococcal antigenaemia (CRAG) &gt; 3%. There is scarce data about CRAG prevalence in Latin America. Four studies (only one published as a full text) showed asymptomatic CRAG prevalence between 2.7% and 6.2% in several sub-sets of HIV-infected patients. The CRAG lateral flow assay (LFA) has several advantages over other techniques for actual implementation of a screening program. Although more studies are necessary to confirm available data, implementation of the CRAG screening strategy seems to be opportune in Latin America.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof2020014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T09:05:05Z","timestamp":1464080705000},"page":"14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preemptive Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Valid Strategy for Latin America?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Vidal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology; Emilio Ribas Institute of Infectious Diseases; Av Doutor Arnaldo 165, Cerqueira C\u00e9sar, S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP 05411-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-67","article-title":"Adult meningitis in a setting of high HIV and TB prevalence: Findings from 4961 suspected cases","volume":"10","author":"Jarvis","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect. 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Syndr."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S331","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000484","article-title":"Cryptococcal antigen screening and early antifungal treatment to prevent cryptococcal meningitis: A review of the literature","volume":"68","author":"Kaplan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Linares Barandiaran, L., Paz, J., and Bustamante, B. (2012, January 11\u201315). Cryptococcal antigenemia in Peruvian HIV-infected patients with a CD4 cell count \u2264 100 cell\/mm3. Proceedings of the 18th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology 2012 (ISHAM2012), Berlin, Germany."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Frola, C., Guelfand, L., Socias, E., Sued, O., Perez, H., and Canh, P. (2015, January 16\u201319). Prevalencia del ant\u00edgeno de Cryptococcus y valoraci\u00f3n de su detecci\u00f3n como m\u00e9todo de tamizaje en pacientes con infecci\u00f3n avanzada por VIH. 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Sao Paulo"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60164-7","article-title":"Cryptococcal meningitis screening and community-based early adherence support in people with advanced HIV infection starting antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania and Zambia: An open-label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Mfinanga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12245","article-title":"Evaluation of screening and treatment of cryptococcal antigenaemia among HIV-infected persons in Soweto, South Africa","volume":"16","author":"Govender","year":"2015","journal-title":"HIV Med."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1","article-title":"The cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay: A point-of-care diagnostic at an opportune time","volume":"23","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. 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