{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:46:37Z","timestamp":1774017997120,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cryptococcosis is a systemic infection caused by species of the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus. The disease may occur in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts and is acquired by the inhalation of infectious propagules present in the environment. Cryptococcus is distributed in a plethora of ecological niches, such as soil, pigeon droppings, and tree hollows, and each year new reservoirs are discovered, which helps researchers to better understand the epidemiology of the disease. In this review, we describe the ecoepidemiology of the C. gattii species complex focusing on clinical cases and ecological reservoirs in developing countries from different continents. We also discuss some important aspects related to the antifungal susceptibility of different species within the C. gattii species complex and bring new insights on the revised Cryptococcus taxonomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T12:39:20Z","timestamp":1509712760000},"page":"62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Ecoepidemiology of Cryptococcus gattii in Developing Countries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Herkert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Biological Sciences, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Coronel Francisco Her\u00e1clito dos Santos Avenue, Jardim das Am\u00e9ricas, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil"},{"name":"CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-020 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5622-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferry","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital (CWZ), 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc\/CWZ, 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosangela","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mycology, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Federal University of Parana, 80060-000 Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisol","family":"Muro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mycology, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Federal University of Parana, 80060-000 Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3253-6080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques","family":"Meis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital (CWZ), 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc\/CWZ, 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7034-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Queiroz-Telles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Biological Sciences, Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Coronel Francisco Her\u00e1clito dos Santos Avenue, Jardim das Am\u00e9ricas, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil"},{"name":"Communitarian Health Department, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Federal University of Parana, 80060-000 Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2015.02.009","article-title":"Recognition of seven species in the Cryptococcus gattii\/Cryptococcus neoformans species complex","volume":"78","author":"Hagen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. 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