{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T21:40:18Z","timestamp":1761946818053,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sporotrichosis is the most common implantation mycosis caused by several species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex. The gold standard for diagnosis is concerned with the isolation of the fungus; although, fresh examinations, staining, and biopsies are also helpful for this purpose. The sporotrichin is an antigenic complex comprised of a peptide-rhamnomannan, which is relevant with respect to pathogenic fungi; it is primarily used for serological and skin testing. We present a study regarding the use of sporotrichin as a diagnostic aid for cutaneous sporotrichosis. Furthermore, 138 cases with suspicion of sporotrichosis were included, 55 of which were proven through cultures. Moreover, out of these 55 cases, 52 (94.5%) tested positive for sporotrichin, while the negative cases corresponded to the disseminated cutaneous forms. We observed a sensitivity of 94.5% and a specificity of 95.2%. We consider that the use of sporotrichin as a skin test helps us as an auxiliary diagnosis before a positive sample culture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof4020055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,10]],"date-time":"2018-05-10T03:48:27Z","timestamp":1525924107000},"page":"55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Sporotrichin Skin Test for the Diagnosis of Sporotrichosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2045-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandro","family":"Bonifaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service &amp; Mycology Department, Hospital General de M\u00e9xico, \u201cDr. Eduardo Liceaga\u201d, Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 06726, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Conchita","family":"Toriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Araiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service &amp; Mycology Department, Hospital General de M\u00e9xico, \u201cDr. Eduardo Liceaga\u201d, Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 06726, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0471-6746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max C.","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine School, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15081, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Tirado-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service &amp; Mycology Department, Hospital General de M\u00e9xico, \u201cDr. Eduardo Liceaga\u201d, Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 06726, Mexico"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General de Zona 29, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07950, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00007-11","article-title":"Sporothrix schenckii and Sporotrichosis","volume":"24","author":"Barros","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Merz, W.G., and Hay, R. (2005). Sporotrichosis. Topley & Wilsong\u2019s Microbiology and Microbial Infections, Hodder-Arnold. [10th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"659","article-title":"Sporotrichosis: An update","volume":"145","author":"Bonifaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myu062","article-title":"Global epidemiology of sporotrichosis","volume":"53","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Soto, M.C. (2015). Sporotrichosis: The story of an endemic region in Peru over 28 Years (1985 to 2012). PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127924"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.10.157","article-title":"Sporothrix schenckii complex and sporotrichosis, an emerging health problem","volume":"6","author":"Toriello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2012.719648","article-title":"Emergence of pathogenicity in the Sporothrix schenckii complex","volume":"51","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2010.01626.x","article-title":"Histopathology of cutaneous sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro: A series of 119 consecutive cases","volume":"38","author":"Quintella","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"143","article-title":"Polisac\u00e1ridos de Sporotrichum schenckii. Intradermorreacci\u00f3n en el diagn\u00f3stico de la esporotricosis","volume":"8","year":"1947","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Salub. Enferm. Trop. Mex."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"303","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n comparativa de los ant\u00edgenos polisac\u00e1ridos y celular de Sporothrix schenckii","volume":"30","year":"1970","journal-title":"Salud P\u00fablica M\u00e9x."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"428","article-title":"Prueba intrad\u00e9rmica con esporotricina en una comunidad de la Sierra Norte de Puebla","volume":"57","author":"Bonifaz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol. Rev. Mex."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"131","article-title":"Actividad inmunol\u00f3gica de ant\u00edgenos miceliales y levaduriformes de diferentes fases de crecimiento de Sporothrix schenckii","volume":"2","author":"Arenas","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Mic."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2009.02.005","article-title":"Sporothrix globosa, a pathogenic fungus with widespread geographical distribution","volume":"26","author":"Madrid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Iberoam. Micol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1983.tb02192.x","article-title":"The intradermal sporotrichin test and the diagnosis of sporotrichosis","volume":"22","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"243","article-title":"Sporothrix schenckii cell wall peptidorhamnomannans","volume":"2","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-016-1045-5","article-title":"Molecular components of the Sporothrix schenckii Complex that Induce immune response","volume":"73","author":"Toriello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.107.3.663","article-title":"Isolation and purification of a peptido-rhamnomannan from the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii. Structural and immunochemical studies","volume":"107","author":"Lloyd","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00437450","article-title":"Statistical survey of 150 cases with sporotrichosis","volume":"102","author":"Kusuhara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1159\/000249337","article-title":"Survey of 200 cases of sporotrichosis","volume":"172","author":"Itoh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"42","article-title":"Skin test with sporotrichin. Its sensitbity and specificity","volume":"36","year":"1968","journal-title":"Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14533","article-title":"Cutaneous disseminated sporotrichosis: Clinical experience of 24 cases","volume":"32","author":"Bonifaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonifaz, A., and Tirado-S\u00e1nchez, A. (2017). Cutaneous disseminated and extracutaneous sporotrichosis: Current status of a complex disease. J. Fungi, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3010006"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"507","article-title":"Aislamiento y caracterizaci\u00f3n de cepas silvestres de Sporothrix schenckii e investigaci\u00f3n de reactores a la esporotricina","volume":"140","author":"Araiza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gac. Med. Mex."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1964.03060300033007","article-title":"Cutaneous hypesensivity to sportrichin in Lousiana","volume":"188","author":"Schneidau","year":"1964","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00436457","article-title":"Epidemiologic skin test survey of sensitivity to paracoccidioidin, histoplasmin and sporotrichin among gold mine workers of Morro Velho Mining, Brazil","volume":"135","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(99)90173-6","article-title":"Sporotrichosis in Himachal Pradesh (north India)","volume":"93","author":"Ghosh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/4\/2\/55\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:03:50Z","timestamp":1760195030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/4\/2\/55"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jof4020055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof4020055","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2309-608X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]}}}