{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:48:51Z","timestamp":1790516931103,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n Productiva","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT 2013-1985"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT 2013-1985"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucorales are resistant to most antifungals. Mucormycosis associated mortality is unacceptable and new treatment approaches are needed. The objectives of this work were (i) to evaluate the nature and intensity of the in vitro effect of three drugs combinations which included voriconazole (plus amphotericin B, posaconazole and caspofungin) against 25 strains of six different Mucorales species; (ii) to evaluate a Galleria mellonella mucormycosis model; and (iii) to establish if any in vitro\u2013in vivo correlation exists. As expected, amphotericin B and posaconazole were the most active drugs when tested alone. However, species-specific differences were found. The \u03a3FICs varied according to the used combination. Only five strains showed synergism when voriconazole was combined with posaconazole and three strains when combined with amphotericin B. Microscopic hyphae alteration were observed for some isolates when confronted against drugs combinations. Using a Galleria mellonella mucormycosis model, better survival was seen in voriconazole plus amphotericin B and plus caspofungin combined treatments when compared with AMB alone for R. microsporus. These survival improvements were obtained using a 32-fold lower amphotericin B doses when combined with VRC than when treated with the polyene alone. These lower antifungal doses emulate the antifungal concentrations where the microscopic hyphae alterations were seen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T03:22:31Z","timestamp":1547090551000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Voriconazole-Containing Antifungal Combinations against Mucorales Using a Galleria mellonella Model of Mucormycosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Daiana","family":"Macedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas CONICET, Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular\u2014C\u00e1tedra de Parasitolog\u00eda y Micolog\u00eda\u2014Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas\u2014Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe CP 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florencia","family":"Leonardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas CONICET, Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular\u2014C\u00e1tedra de Parasitolog\u00eda y Micolog\u00eda\u2014Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas\u2014Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe CP 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catiana","family":"Dudiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas CONICET, Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular\u2014C\u00e1tedra de Parasitolog\u00eda y Micolog\u00eda\u2014Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas\u2014Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe CP 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana G.","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Parasitolog\u00eda, Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda, Hospital Ramos Mej\u00eda, CONICET, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires CP1221, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleodoro","family":"Del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza CP3080, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4696-4158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Giusiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas CONICET, \u00c1rea Micolog\u00eda, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Resistencia CP3500, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soledad","family":"Gamarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular\u2014C\u00e1tedra de Parasitolog\u00eda y Micolog\u00eda\u2014Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas\u2014Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe CP3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Garcia-Effron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas CONICET, Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular\u2014C\u00e1tedra de Parasitolog\u00eda y Micolog\u00eda\u2014Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas\u2014Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe CP 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ571","article-title":"Isavuconazole: A New Broad-Spectrum Triazole Antifungal Agent","volume":"61","author":"Miceli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. 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