{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:14:10Z","timestamp":1791292450369,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although Candida species remain the leading cause of invasive fungal infections (IFI), the list of other isolated fungal pathogens is increasing. The aim of the study was to report cases of IFI caused by rare yeasts in the largest tertiary Greek pediatric hospital. A retrospective study was performed from 6\/2008\u20136\/2020 regarding IFI caused by rare species. Identification of isolates was attained by conventional, molecular, and MALDI TOF MS methods, and susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards (CLSI) methodology. During a 12-year period, 14 different rare fungal species in 33 neonates and children with IFI hospitalized in intensive care and oncology units were isolated from blood, central catheters, peritoneal, pleural, or pericardial fluid specimens. It is the first time for IFI caused by Wickerhamomyces anomalus (Candida pelliculosa), Pichia fermentans (Candida lambica), Yarrowia (Candida) lipolytica, Pichia (Hansenula) kluyveri, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Wickerhamiella (Candida) pararugosa and Cyberlindnera (Candida) fabianii in Greek neonates and children to be reported. For most of these rare fungal species isolated in the present study, no official antifungal breakpoints have been defined, and there are no guidelines for their treatment. Clinical laboratories should be aware of uncommon and emerging yeast pathogens and be able to detect them with molecular and proteomic methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T20:03:02Z","timestamp":1601323382000},"page":"194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Rare Invasive Yeast Infections in Greek Neonates and Children, a Retrospective 12-Year Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Noni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9820-6570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Stathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aristea","family":"Velegraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Research Laboratory and UOA\/HCPF Culture Collection, Microbiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Mycology Laboratory, Biomedicine S.A., 11526 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Malamati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kalampaliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levantia","family":"Zachariadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1745-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios","family":"Michos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, \u201cAghia Sophia\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00681","article-title":"Incidence and Outcome of Invasive Fungal Diseases in Children with Hematological Malignancies and\/or Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study","volume":"10","author":"Lehrnbecher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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