{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:51:31Z","timestamp":1781250691820,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["105440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["105440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) caused by Aspergillus fumigatus is a life-threatening lung disease of immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis currently relies on non-specific chest CT, culture of the fungus from invasive lung biopsy, and detection of the cell wall carbohydrate galactomannan (GM) in serum or in BAL fluids recovered during invasive bronchoscopy. Urine provides an ideal bodily fluid for the non-invasive detection of pathogen biomarkers, with current urine-based immunodiagnostics for IPA focused on GM. Surrogate protein biomarkers might serve to improve disease detection. Here, we report the development of a monoclonal antibody (mAb), PD7, which is specific to A. fumigatus and related species in the section Fumigati, and which binds to its 18 kDa ribotoxin Asp f I. Using PD7, we show that the protein is secreted during hyphal development, and so represents an ideal candidate for detecting invasive growth. We have developed a lateral-flow device (Afu-LFD\u00ae) incorporating the mAb which has a limit of detection of ~15 ng Asp f I\/mL urine. Preliminary evidence of the test\u2019s diagnostic potential is demonstrated with urine from a patient with acute lymphoid leukaemia with probable IPA. The Afu-LFD\u00ae therefore provides a potential novel opportunity for non-invasive urine-based detection of IPA caused by A. fumigatus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7010019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T14:31:49Z","timestamp":1609425109000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Aspergillus fumigatus and Its Allergenic Ribotoxin Asp f I: Old Enemies but New Opportunities for Urine-Based Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis Using Lateral-Flow Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2482-6734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genna","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCA Diagnostics Ltd., Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK"},{"name":"Biosciences and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oski","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosciences and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5751-9311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juergen","family":"Prattes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1653-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Hoenigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vacye Associates, Lowerdown Cottage, Lowerdown, Bovey Tracey TQ13 9LF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6213-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCA Diagnostics Ltd., Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK"},{"name":"Biosciences and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00140-18","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00140-18","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis in 2019","volume":"33","author":"Chamilos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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