{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T11:15:36Z","timestamp":1776856536473,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive candidiasis is known to be one of the most common healthcare-associated complications and is caused by several Candida species. First-line drugs, particularly echinocandins, are effective, but there are increasing reports of resistance to these molecules, though rarely related to C. albicans. Even though the rate of echinocandins resistance remains low (&lt;3%), sporadic cases are emerging. Here, we present a case of bloodstream infection by a pan-echinocandin-resistant Candida albicans affecting a critically ill patient, who died in an intensive care unit following therapeutic failure and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. This case highlights the need to suspect pan-echinocandin resistance in patients with prolonged echinocandin exposure, particularly in the presence of urinary tract colonization. Our study shows the importance of sequencing to predict therapeutic failure in patients treated with echinocandins and persistent candidemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7060405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T13:15:15Z","timestamp":1621602915000},"page":"405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Resistance to Echinocandins Complicates a Case of Candida albicans Bloodstream Infection: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-8545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Trovato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dafne","family":"Bongiorno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0256-956X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maddalena","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Migliorisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albino","family":"Boraccino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Garibaldi-Nesima, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e Alta Specializzazione \u2018Garibaldi\u2019 Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2451-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Musso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Oliveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1594-7427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Scalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.107","article-title":"Development and regulation of single- and multi-species Candida albicans biofilms","volume":"16","author":"Lohse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy358","article-title":"Twenty years of the SENTRY antifungal surveillance program: Results for Candida species from 1997\u20132016","volume":"6","author":"Pfaller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. 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