{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T03:22:18Z","timestamp":1775618538017,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aspergillosis and mucormycosis are filamentous fungal infections occurring predominantly in immunocompromised patients. Fulminant process with rapid infiltration of the contiguous tissue is distinctive for both type of fungi. The rhinocerebral co-infection by Aspergillus and Mucorales is very rare and is usually associated in immunocompromised patients with a high mortality rate. This rare co-infection leads to difficulties in diagnosis, and therapeutic delays can result in a poor prognosis. Overall, the treatment of choice is surgical debridement and liposomal amphotericin B. This paper describes a combined aspergillosis and mucormycosis case in a diabetes mellitus type 2 patient with chronic ulcerations of the palatal and cheek. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an uncommon co-infection of Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus arrhizus in a rhino-orbital presentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7121096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T08:43:32Z","timestamp":1639989812000},"page":"1096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fungal Invasive Co-Infection Due to Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus arrhizus: A Rhino-Orbital Presentation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Hinojosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Medrano-Ahumada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2992-9564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Arenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Micolog\u00eda, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Bravo-Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Otorrinolaringolog\u00eda, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Paraguirre-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patolog\u00eda, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2577-9973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Xicohtencatl-Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bacteriolog\u00eda Intestinal, Hospital Infantil de M\u00e9xico Dr. Federico G\u00f3mez, Cuauht\u00e9moc 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7298-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erick","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Regional Hospital of High Specialty of Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"},{"name":"Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, Higher School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5656-0942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rigoberto","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda de Agentes Pat\u00f3genos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz\u00e1lez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01604.x","article-title":"Mucormycosis: An emerging disease?","volume":"12","author":"Bouza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. 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