{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:33:54Z","timestamp":1781796834185,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University","award":["RGP.1\/7\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.1\/7\/43"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study focused on the use of sewage sludge (SS) as a casing material amendment and the potential uptake of metal elements by the cultivated white button (Agaricus bisporus: MS-39) mushroom. Laboratory experiments were performed under controlled environmental conditions to grow A. bisporus on the composted wheat straw substrate for 50 days. Different treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g\/kg) of casing material were prepared by mixing garden and dried SS and applied on the mushroom substrate after proper sterilization. The results revealed that SS application was significant (p &lt; 0.05) in accelerating mushroom yield with a biological efficiency of 65.02% for the mixing rate of 200 g\/kg. Moreover, the maximum bioaccumulation of selected metal elements (Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Mn, and Zn) was observed using the same treatment. Additionally, the multiple regression models constructed for the uptake prediction of metal elements showed an acceptable coefficient of determination (R2 &gt; 0.9900), high model efficiency (ME &gt; 0.98), and low root mean square error (RMSE &lt; 0.410) values, respectively. The findings of this study represent sustainable use of SS for the formulation of mushroom casing material contributing toward synergistic agro-economy generation and waste management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8020112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T20:40:18Z","timestamp":1643143218000},"page":"112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Sustainable Use of Sewage Sludge as a Casing Material for Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Cultivation: Experimental and Prediction Modeling Studies for Uptake of Metal Elements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0346-0910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7197-7666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1533-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashir","family":"Adelodun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin PMB 1515, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7418-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalibor","family":"Bedekovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2126-2566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivica","family":"Kos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0560-181X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"\u0160iri\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad A. M.","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6685-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sulaiman A.","family":"Alrumman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2452-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebrahem M.","family":"Eid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-2568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Abou Fayssal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Lebanese University, Beirut 1302, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8145-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhumita","family":"Goala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nehru College, Pailapool, Affiliated Assam University, Silchar 788098, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1296-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashish Kumar","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7728-6479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Archana","family":"Bachheti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3289-3176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung Sook","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8095-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fidelis Odedishemi","family":"Ajibade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure PMB 704, Nigeria"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis F. O.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaddel, S., Bakhtiary-Davijany, H., Kabbe, C., Dadgar, F., and \u00d8sterhus, S.W. (2019). Sustainable sewage sludge management: From current practices to emerging nutrient recovery technologies. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11123435"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.10.034","article-title":"Functional characteristics and influence factors of microbial community in sewage sludge composting with inorganic bulking agent","volume":"249","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. 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