{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:14:12Z","timestamp":1780539252736,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a new group of patients at risk emerged with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Systematic studies, evaluating the prevalence of CAM are missing. To assess CAM prevalence in a tertiary care hospital in Germany, we applied direct microscopy, fungal culture and quantitative realtime in-house PCR targeting Mucorales-specific fragments of 18S and 28S rRNA on respiratory specimens of 100 critically ill COVID-19 patients. Overall, one Mucorales-PCR positive bronchoalevolar lavage was found whereas direct microscopy and fungal culture were negative in all cases. We conclude that a routine screening for CAM in Germany is not indicated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8030307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]],"date-time":"2022-03-20T21:30:14Z","timestamp":1647811814000},"page":"307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis in a German Tertiary Care Hospital"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7689-7799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Scharmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4185-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Herbstreit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina Kristin","family":"Steckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West German Cancer Center, Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Dedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Buer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter-Michael","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedda Luise","family":"Verhasselt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30312-3","article-title":"Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: An initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium","volume":"19","author":"Cornely","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13335","article-title":"ECMM and ISHAM. ECMM\/ISHAM recommendations for clinical management of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"64","author":"Rudramurthy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12392","article-title":"Estimated burden of fungal infections in Germany","volume":"58","author":"Ruhnke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakash, H., and Chakrabarti, A. (2021). Epidemiology of Mucormycosis in India. Microorganisms, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9030523"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakash, H., and Chakrabarti, A. (2019). Global Epidemiology of Mucormycosis. J. Fungi, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5010026"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2709.210934","article-title":"Multicenter Epidemiologic Study of Coronavirus Disease-Associated Mucormycosis, India","volume":"27","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-021-00584-8","article-title":"Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World","volume":"186","author":"Muthu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain, S., Riad, A., Singh, A., Klugarov\u00e1, J., Antony, B., Banna, H., and Klugar, M. (2021). Global Prevalence of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Fungi, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7110985"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2021, November 18). Mucormycosis, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/fungal\/diseases\/mucormycosis\/."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.05.051","article-title":"Evaluation of MucorGenius\u00ae mucorales PCR assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis","volume":"81","author":"Guegan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.556-569.2005","article-title":"Novel Perspectives on Mucormycosis: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Management","volume":"18","author":"Spellberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr375","article-title":"The Deferasirox-AmBisome Therapy for Mucormycosis (DEFEAT Mucor) study: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"67","author":"Spellberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofab566","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab566","article-title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Mucormycosis in France: A Rare but Deadly Complication","volume":"9","author":"Danion","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shadrivova, O.V., Burygina, E.V., and Klimko, N.N. (2019). Molecular Diagnostics of Mucormycosis in Hematological Patients: A Literature Review. J. Fungi, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5040112"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13379","article-title":"Results from a national survey on COVID-19-associated mucormycosis in Germany: 13 patients from six tertiary hospitals","volume":"65","author":"Seidel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1086\/428780","article-title":"Zygomycosis in a Tertiary-Care Cancer Center in the Era ofAspergillus-Active Antifungal Therapy: A Case-Control Observational Study of 27 Recent Cases","volume":"191","author":"Kontoyiannis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/8\/3\/307\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:38:04Z","timestamp":1760135884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/8\/3\/307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jof8030307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof8030307","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]}}}