{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T02:27:55Z","timestamp":1789093675629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21fk0108135h0302 and JP21fk0108094h0003."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21fk0108135h0302 and JP21fk0108094h0003."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21K16328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K16328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive fungal infection (IFI) has a high mortality rate in patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and it is often confirmed by postmortem dissection. When IFI is initially confirmed after an autopsy, the tissue culture and frozen section are challenging to secure, and in many cases, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples represent the only modality for identifying fungi. Histopathological diagnosis is a useful method in combination with molecular biological methods that can achieve more precise identification with reproducibility. Meanwhile, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using fungal-specific primers helps identify fungi from FFPE tissues. Autopsy FFPE specimens have a disadvantage regarding the quality of DNA extracted compared with that of specimens obtained via biopsy or surgery. In the case of mucormycosis diagnosed postmortem histologically, we examined currently available molecular biological methods such as PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and in situ hybridization (ISH) to identify fungi. It is reasonable that PCR with some modification is valuable for identifying fungi in autopsy FFPE specimens. However, PCR does not always correctly identify fungi in autopsy FFPE tissues, and other approaches such as ISH or IHC are worth considering for clarifying the broad classification (such as the genus- or species-level classification).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8040337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T23:31:43Z","timestamp":1648164703000},"page":"337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparison Approach for Identifying Missed Invasive Fungal Infections in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Autopsy Specimens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sota","family":"Sadamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yurika","family":"Mitsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Nihonyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Amemiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Shinozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0610-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somay Yamagata","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6635-4288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Umeyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naobumi","family":"Tochigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Shibuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00053-10","article-title":"Histopathologic diagnosis of fungal infections in the 21st century","volume":"24","author":"Guarner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. 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