{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:52:06Z","timestamp":1787028726753,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Paecilomyces\/Purpureocillium has recently been recognized as an emerging human pathogen, causing serious infection in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Several predisposing factors have been reported, including foreign body implants, previous surgery, or trauma. Treatment with antifungal drugs often fails as species-specific differences in antifungal susceptibilities are one of the management challenges. Surgical debridement with or without antifungal therapy was sufficient to cure the infection in a few reported cases. Nonetheless, the surgical approach has been found to decrease the chance of dissemination and recurrence. Here, we report the first pediatric patient with chronic osteomyelitis of the femur secondary to Paecilomyces species, with no predisposing risk factors. Our case was successfully treated with a combination of antifungal therapy and surgical debridement. Additionally, we describe the first extensive literature review of previously reported Paecilomyces\/Purpureocillium species infections in pediatric age groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8090930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:19:01Z","timestamp":1662077941000},"page":"930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Paecilomyces\/Purpureocillium Infection in Children, Case Report, and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Musaed","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Abdullah Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Science, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nourah","family":"Alruqaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Abdullah Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, King Abdullah Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Almuneef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Abdullah Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Science, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box. 22490, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01481.x","article-title":"Clinical manifestations, treatment and outcome of Paecilomyces lilacinus infections","volume":"12","author":"Pastor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa481","article-title":"Characterization and outcome of invasive infections due to Paecilomyces variotii: Analysis of patients from the FungiScope\u00ae registry and literature reports","volume":"76","author":"Sprute","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. 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