{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:54:54Z","timestamp":1792641294145,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":198,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","award":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","award":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Programa Jovens Pesquisadores (INI\/Fiocruz)","award":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq 302796\/2017-7"]}]},{"name":"Programa Jovens Pesquisadores (INI\/Fiocruz)","award":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPERJ E-26\/202.527\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The endemic mycoses blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, sporotrichosis, talaromycosis, adiaspiromycosis, and emergomycosis are mostly caused by geographically limited thermally dimorphic fungi (except for cryptococcosis), and their diagnoses can be challenging. Usual laboratory methods involved in endemic mycoses diagnosis include microscopic examination and culture of biological samples; however, serologic, histopathologic, and molecular techniques have been implemented in the last few years for the diagnosis of these mycoses since the recovery and identification of their etiologic agents is time-consuming and lacks in sensitivity. In this review, we focus on the immunologic diagnostic methods related to antibody and antigen detection since their evidence is presumptive diagnosis, and in some mycoses, such as cryptococcosis, it is definitive diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8100993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T01:47:06Z","timestamp":1663811226000},"page":"993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Immunologic Diagnosis of Endemic Mycoses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6639-6058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Almeida-Paes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Reis","family":"Bernardes-Engemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"da Silva Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Vera","family":"Pizzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5581-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"de Abreu Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"de Medeiros Muniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Alves Barcelos","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosely Maria","family":"Zancop\u00e9-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lockhart, S.R., Toda, M., Benedict, K., Caceres, D.H., and Litvintseva, A.P. 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