{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:05:44Z","timestamp":1774436744009,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a great threat to global health. In addition to SARS-CoV-2 itself, clinicians should be alert to the possible occurrence of co-infection or secondary infection among patients with COVID-19. The possible co-pathogens include bacteria, viruses, and fungi, but COVID-19-associated cryptococcosis is rarely reported. This review provided updated and comprehensive information about this rare clinical entity of COVID-19-associated cryptococcosis. Through an updated literature search till 23 August 2022, we identified a total of 18 culture-confirmed case reports with detailed information. Half (n = 9) of them were elderly. Fifteen (83.3%) of them had severe COVID-19 and ever received systemic corticosteroid. Disseminated infection with cryptococcemia was the most common type of cryptococcosis, followed by pulmonary and meningitis. Except one case of C. laurentii, all other cases are by C. neoformans. Liposomal amphotericin B and fluconazole were the most commonly used antifungal agents. The overall mortality was 61.1% (11\/18) and four of them did not receive antifungal agents before death. Improving the poor outcome requires a physician\u2019s high suspicion, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8101111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T04:40:36Z","timestamp":1666586436000},"page":"1111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["COVID-19 Associated with Cryptococcosis: A New Challenge during the Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Khee-Siang","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yongkang, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6334-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Cheng","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Liang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yongkang, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ming","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 73657, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dental Laboratory Technology, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan 73657, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges","volume":"55","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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