{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T06:57:42Z","timestamp":1777100262704,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CANCEROLOG\u00cdA-ESE Colombia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fungemia in hematologic malignancies (HM) has high mortality. This is a retrospective cohort of adult patients with HM and fungemia between 2012 and 2019 in institutions of Bogot\u00e1, Colombia. The epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics are described, and risk factors related to mortality are analyzed. One hundred five patients with a mean age of 48 years (SD 19.0) were identified, 45% with acute leukemia and 37% with lymphomas. In 42%, the HM was relapsed\/refractory, 82% ECOG &gt; 3, and 35% received antifungal prophylaxis; 57% were in neutropenia, with an average duration of 21.8 days. In 86 (82%) patients, Candida spp. was identified, and other yeasts in 18%. The most frequent of the isolates were non-albicans Candida (61%), C. tropicalis (28%), C. parapsilosis (17%), and C. krusei (12%). The overall 30-day mortality was 50%. The survival probability at day 30 in patients with leukemia vs. lymphoma\/multiple myeloma (MM0 group was 59% (95% CI 46\u201376) and 41% (95% CI 29\u201358), p = 0.03, respectively. Patients with lymphoma or MM (HR 1.72; 95% CI 0.58\u20132.03) and ICU admission (HR 3.08; 95% CI 1.12\u20133.74) were associated with mortality. In conclusion, in patients with HM, non-albicans Candida species are the most frequent, and high mortality was identified; moreover, lymphoma or MM and ICU admission were predictors of mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9040400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T03:50:21Z","timestamp":1679629821000},"page":"400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Fungemia in Hospitalized Adult Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Epidemiology and Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9472-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luz Alejandra","family":"Vargas-Esp\u00edndola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5676-880X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia I.","family":"Cuervo-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"},{"name":"GREICAH\u2014Grupo de Investigacion Enfermedades Infecciosas en C\u00e1ncer y Alteraciones Hematol\u00f3gicas, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Enciso-Olivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio C.","family":"G\u00f3mez-Rinc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leydy","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Cetina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Pedraza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia"},{"name":"GREICAH\u2014Grupo de Investigacion Enfermedades Infecciosas en C\u00e1ncer y Alteraciones Hematol\u00f3gicas, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Garc\u00eda-Guzm\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"},{"name":"GREICAH\u2014Grupo de Investigacion Enfermedades Infecciosas en C\u00e1ncer y Alteraciones Hematol\u00f3gicas, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9865-9097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica de Marly, Bogota 110231, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5419-4494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos A.","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Sanitas, Cl\u00ednica Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 111221, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0882-9652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Alberto","family":"Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier R.","family":"Garz\u00f3n-Herazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogot\u00e1 110231, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5363-5729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Vernaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogot\u00e1 110231, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia R.","family":"Sierra-Parada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico y de Patolog\u00eda, Cl\u00ednica Colsanitas, Grupo Keralty, Bogot\u00e1 111221, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan A.","family":"Murillo-Sarmiento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda, Bogota 111511, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ933","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis021","article-title":"Mycoses Study Group Impact of Treatment Strategy on Outcomes in Patients with Candidemia and Other Forms of Invasive Candidiasis: A Patient-Level Quantitative Review of Randomized Trials","volume":"54","author":"Andes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ293","article-title":"Epidemiology and Outcome of Fungemia in a Cancer Cohort of the Infectious Diseases Group (IDG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC 65031)","volume":"61","author":"Cornely","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2816","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00773-06","article-title":"Epidemiology of Candidemia in Brazil: A Nationwide Sentinel Surveillance of Candidemia in Eleven Medical Centers","volume":"44","author":"Colombo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"150","article-title":"Recommendations for the Diagnosis of Candidemia in Latin America","volume":"30","author":"Colombo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Iberoam. Micol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nucci, M., Queiroz-Telles, F., Alvarado-Matute, T., Tiraboschi, I.N., Cortes, J., Zurita, J., Guzman-Blanco, M., Santolaya, M.E., Thompson, L., and Sifuentes-Osornio, J. (2013). Epidemiology of Candidemia in Latin America: A Laboratory-Based Survey. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059373"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1086\/655683","article-title":"Epidemiology of Opportunistic Fungal Infections in Latin America","volume":"51","author":"Nucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12960","article-title":"Defining Breakthrough Invasive Fungal Infection\u2013Position Paper of the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology","volume":"62","author":"Cornely","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir073","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Antimicrobial Agents in Neutropenic Patients with Cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"52","author":"Freifeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4745","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24507","article-title":"Candidemia in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies in the Era of New Antifungal Agents (2001-2007): Stable Incidence but Changing Epidemiology of a Still Frequently Lethal Infection","volume":"115","author":"Sipsas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1086\/599039","article-title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Candidemia in 2019 Patients: Data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy Alliance Registry","volume":"48","author":"Horn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2011.587211","article-title":"Epidemiology of Candida Blood Stream Infections in Patients with Hematological Malignancies or Solid Tumors","volume":"50","author":"Zirkel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1068","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Fungal Infections in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: The SEIFEM-2004 Study","volume":"91","author":"Pagano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.07.022","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics of Candidaemia in Adults with Haematological Malignancy, and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of the Isolates at a Medical Centre in Taiwan, 2001-2010","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13083","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13083","article-title":"Fungaemia in Haematological Malignancies: SEIFEM-2015 Survey","volume":"49","author":"Criscuolo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O50","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12312","article-title":"A Prospective, Cohort, Multicentre Study of Candidaemia in Hospitalized Adult Patients with Haematological Malignancies","volume":"20","author":"Gamaletsou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1315399","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"373","author":"Kullberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12539","article-title":"Global Trends in the Distribution of Candida Species Causing Candidemia","volume":"20","author":"Guinea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6808a1","article-title":"Population-Based Active Surveillance for Culture-Confirmed Candidemia\u2014Four Sites, United States, 2012\u20132016","volume":"68","author":"Toda","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.03.001","article-title":"Recent Trends in the Epidemiology of Fungal Infections","volume":"35","author":"Seagle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa502","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis Species Distribution and Trends, United States, 2009-2017","volume":"223","author":"Ricotta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01283-12","article-title":"Species Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Bloodstream Isolates from Population-Based Surveillance Studies in Two U.S. Cities from 2008 to 2011","volume":"50","author":"Lockhart","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70218-8","article-title":"Emerging Opportunistic Yeast Infections","volume":"11","author":"Miceli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfaller, M.A., Andes, D.R., Diekema, D.J., Horn, D.L., Reboli, A.C., Rotstein, C., Franks, B., and Azie, N.E. (2014). Epidemiology and Outcomes of Invasive Candidiasis Due to Non-Albicans Species of Candida in 2,496 Patients: Data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy (PATH) Registry 2004\u20132008. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101510"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.10.013","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"30","author":"McCarty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2012.698024","article-title":"Candida Glabrata: An Emerging Pathogen in Brazilian Tertiary Care Hospitals","volume":"51","author":"Colombo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2012.708107","article-title":"Is the Incidence of Candidemia Caused by Candida Glabrata Increasing in Brazil? Five-Year Surveillance of Candida Bloodstream Infection in a University Reference Hospital in Southeast Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Moretti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rccan.2014.06.002","article-title":"Gu\u00eda de pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica para el diagn\u00f3stico y el tratamiento de las infecciones bacterianas y mic\u00f3ticas en pacientes oncol\u00f3gicos mayores de 15 a\u00f1os con neutropenia febril posquimioterapia de alto riesgo","volume":"18","author":"Enciso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Colomb. Cancerol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2014.06.009","article-title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Candidemia in Hospitals from Bogot\u00e1, Colombia","volume":"18","author":"Reyes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.1.115","article-title":"Importance of Candida Species Other than C. Albicans as Pathogens in Oncology Patients","volume":"20","author":"Wingard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1086\/323812","article-title":"Risk Factors for Candida Tropicalis Fungemia in Patients with Cancer","volume":"33","author":"Kontoyiannis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2001.1151","article-title":"Non-Albicans Candida Spp. Causing Fungaemia: Pathogenicity and Antifungal Resistance","volume":"50","author":"Krcmery","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03338.x","article-title":"Candida Tropicalis Fungaemia: Incidence, Risk Factors and Mortality in a General Hospital","volume":"17","author":"Giannella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4743-y","article-title":"The Risk and Clinical Outcome of Candidemia Depending on Underlying Malignancy","volume":"43","author":"Lortholary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12081","article-title":"Epidemiology and Sites of Involvement of Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Haematological Malignancies: A 20-Year Autopsy Study","volume":"56","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"986","article-title":"Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Cancer Center: An Autopsy Study over a 15-Year Period (1989\u20132003)","volume":"91","author":"Chamilos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1086\/383319","article-title":"Fusarium Infection in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients","volume":"38","author":"Nucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2010.01.010","article-title":"Invasive Fusariosis in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies at a Cancer Center: 1998\u20132009","volume":"60","author":"Campo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12041","article-title":"ESCMID Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Candida Diseases 2012: Adults with Haematological Malignancies and after Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HCT)","volume":"18","author":"Ullmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.12.008","article-title":"Candidemia in Cancer Patients: Impact of Early Removal of Non-Tunneled Central Venous Catheters on Outcome","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1086\/653935","article-title":"Early Removal of Central Venous Catheter in Patients with Candidemia Does Not Improve Outcome: Analysis of 842 Patients from 2 Randomized Clinical Trials","volume":"51","author":"Nucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0843-0","article-title":"Factors Related to Survival and Treatment Success in Invasive Candidiasis or Candidemia: A Pooled Analysis of Two Large, Prospective, Micafungin Trials","volume":"29","author":"Horn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"CD011195","article-title":"Central Venous Catheter (CVC) Removal for Patients of All Ages with Candidaemia","volume":"7","author":"Janum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis305","article-title":"Septic Shock Attributed to Candida Infection: Importance of Empiric Therapy and Source Control","volume":"54","author":"Kollef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.3.414","article-title":"Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Predictors of Mortality","volume":"15","author":"Fraser","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3640","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.9.3640-3645.2005","article-title":"Delaying the Empiric Treatment of Candida Bloodstream Infection until Positive Blood Culture Results Are Obtained: A Potential Risk Factor for Hospital Mortality","volume":"49","author":"Morrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1086\/504810","article-title":"Time to Initiation of Fluconazole Therapy Impacts Mortality in Patients with Candidemia: A Multi-Institutional Study","volume":"43","author":"Garey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1086\/502104","article-title":"Breakthrough Candidemia in Patients with Cancer Differs from De Novo Candidemia in Host Factors and Candida Species But Not Intensity","volume":"23","author":"Kontoyiannis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5026","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01031-09","article-title":"Impact of Antifungal Prophylaxis on Colonization and Azole Susceptibility of Candida Species","volume":"53","author":"Mann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12104","article-title":"Efficacy of Micafungin in Invasive Candidiasis Caused by Common Candida Species with Special Emphasis on Non- Albicans Candida Species","volume":"57","author":"Cornely","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.09.005","article-title":"Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections Due to Candida Spp. in the USA: Species Distribution, Clinical Features and Antifungal Susceptibilities","volume":"43","author":"Wisplinghoff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01763-15","article-title":"Posttreatment Antifungal Resistance among Colonizing Candida Isolates in Candidemia Patients: Results from a Systematic Multicenter Study","volume":"60","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.783-787.2005","article-title":"Rapid Acquisition of Stable Azole Resistance by Candida Glabrata Isolates Obtained before the Clinical Introduction of Fluconazole","volume":"49","author":"Borst","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01138-09","article-title":"Acquisition of Flucytosine, Azole, and Caspofungin Resistance in Candida Glabrata Bloodstream Isolates Serially Obtained from a Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient","volume":"54","author":"Hennequin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis697","article-title":"Changes in Incidence and Antifungal Drug Resistance in Candidemia: Results From Population-Based Laboratory Surveillance in Atlanta and Baltimore, 2008\u20132011","volume":"55","author":"Cleveland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx444","article-title":"Changes in the Epidemiological Landscape of Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"73","author":"Lamoth","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofv163","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv163","article-title":"Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Echinocandin Nonsusceptible Candida Glabrata Bloodstream Infections: Data from a Large Multisite Population-Based Candidemia Surveillance Program, 2008\u20132014","volume":"2","author":"Vallabhaneni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq053","article-title":"Candidaemia in Adult Cancer Patients: Risks for Fluconazole-Resistant Isolates and Death","volume":"65","author":"Slavin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1086\/514731","article-title":"Candidemia in Cancer Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter Surveillance Study by the Invasive Fungal Infection Group (IFIG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)","volume":"28","author":"Viscoli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/9\/4\/400\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:02:08Z","timestamp":1760122928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/9\/4\/400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jof9040400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof9040400","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]}}}