{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T07:11:33Z","timestamp":1771485093370,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI18\/01155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/00074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/00074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CPII20\/00015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPII20\/00015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FI20\/00089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)","award":["PI18\/01155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01155"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)","award":["PI19\/00074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/00074"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)","award":["CPII20\/00015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPII20\/00015"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)","award":["FI20\/00089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00089"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","award":["PI18\/01155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01155"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","award":["PI19\/00074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/00074"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","award":["CPII20\/00015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPII20\/00015"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","award":["FI20\/00089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00089"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Candida spp., as part of the microbiota, can colonise the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesised that genotyping Candida spp. isolates from the gastrointestinal tract could help spot genotypes able to cause invasive infections. Materials\/methods: A total of 816 isolates of C. albicans (n = 595), C. parapsilosis (n = 118), and C. tropicalis (n = 103) from rectal swabs (n = 754 patients) were studied. Genotyping was conducted using species-specific microsatellite markers. Rectal swab genotypes were compared with previously studied blood (n = 814) and intra-abdominal (n = 202) genotypes. Results: A total of 36\/754 patients had the same Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures, intra-abdominal samples, or both; these patients had candidemia (n = 18), intra-abdominal candidiasis (n = 11), both clinical forms (n = 1), and non-significant isolation (n = 6). Genotypes matching the rectal swab and their blood cultures (84.2%) or their intra-abdominal samples (92.3%) were found in most of the significant patients. We detected 656 genotypes from rectal swabs, 88.4% of which were singletons and 11.6% were clusters. Of these 656 rectal swab genotypes, 94 (14.3%) were also detected in blood cultures and 34 (5.2%) in intra-abdominal samples. Of the rectal swab clusters, 62.7% were previously defined as a widespread genotype. Conclusions: Our study pinpoints the gastrointestinal tract as a potential reservoir of potentially invasive Candida spp. genotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9070732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T01:57:09Z","timestamp":1688695029000},"page":"732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Gastrointestinal Tract Is Pinpointed as a Reservoir of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis Genotypes Found in Blood and Intra-Abdominal Samples"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8201-6721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aina","family":"Mesquida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"D\u00e1vila-Cherres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06\/06\/0058), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Alcal\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06\/06\/0058), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Reigadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06\/06\/0058), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5706-5583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06\/06\/0058), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7901-8355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Guinea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06\/06\/0058), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6254-4570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Escribano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, C\/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences-HM Hospitals, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1247140","article-title":"Fungi in the healthy human gastrointestinal tract","volume":"8","author":"Suhr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-017-1105-9","article-title":"Fungi in Gastrointestinal Tracts of Human and Mice: From Community to Functions","volume":"75","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. 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