{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:29:59Z","timestamp":1784917799750,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sporotrichosis is the most frequent subcutaneous or implantation mycosis in Latin America, and its transmission occurs as a result of traumatic inoculation into the skin by organic matter containing the thermodimorphic fungi of the genus Sporothrix. Although cutaneous forms are more common, another important site is the osteoarticular system, whose hematogenous involvement is commonly associated with disseminated forms, especially in people who have an immunosuppressive condition, such as HIV\/AIDS, chronic steroid use, and alcohol abuse. We present two cases of osteoarticular sporotrichosis of the knee caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis and followed up at our institution, with different outcomes. In the cases presented here, aging, anatomical sites, comorbidities, subtherapeutic serum levels, low adherence to treatment, and late diagnosis for different reasons may explain the observed outcomes. Early diagnosis of Sporothrix infection is critical in preventing complications, including death. We also highlight the importance of multidisciplinary follow-up and adherence to treatment for a favorable outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9100956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T04:15:38Z","timestamp":1695615338000},"page":"956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Osteoarticular Sporotrichosis of the Knee Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis: Two Similar Cases with Different Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6455-687X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Ivanovinsky Costa","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice-Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Ensino, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia Cristina Fonseca","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice-Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Ensino, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella Morgado Ramiro","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice-Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Ensino, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4416-3197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana dos Santos Barbosa","family":"Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em DST\/AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guis Saint-Martin","family":"Astacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imagem, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a Reis","family":"Bernardes-Engemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6900-9703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila Marques","family":"de Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7906-8275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Clara","family":"Gutierrez-Galhardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2039-2438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dayvison Francis Saraiva","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2022.07.001","article-title":"Human sporotrichosis: Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Dermatology for the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic management","volume":"97","author":"Freitas","year":"2022","journal-title":"An. 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